Masters Degrees (Ophthalmology)

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Browsing Masters Degrees (Ophthalmology) by Subject "Biochemical markers"

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    Biomarker concentrations in serum and urine of patients with Ocular Tuberculosis – a prospective descriptive study.
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2022-03) Van der Colff, Frederich James; Smit, Derrick; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Ophthalmology
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Purpose: To describe biomarker concentrations in serum and urine of South African patients with ocular tuberculosis (OTB). Methods: A prospective study to compare 29 urine and serum biomarkers in 14 OTB patients at a tertiary eye clinic. Results: Median age of participants (7 male and 7 female) was 38.5 years (range 25‐73). Most biomarker concentrations were significantly higher in serum than in urine (p < 0.01). Only two (IL‐1RA and IL‐2) showed higher concentrations in urine than serum (p < 0.01). Three biomarkers (sIL‐2Ra, sTNFRI and IFNγ) showed no difference in concentration between urine and serum (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Most biomarkers tested showed significant differences in concentration between serum and urine and therefore these 2 biofluids cannot be used interchangeably when studying biomarker profiles. One notable exception is IFNγ, as its concentration did not differ between serum and urine.
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    CXCL13, CXCL10 and CXCL8 as indicators of ocular and neurological involvement in patients with ocular syphilis: an observational descriptive study
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2022) Van der Merwe, Laurie Wiid; Smit, Derrick; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Ophthalmology.
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Aim To investigate the role of the chemokines CXCL13, CXCL10 and CXCL8 in the diagnosis of ocular‐ and neurosyphilis by examining the serum, aqueous humour (AH) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with ocular syphilis. Methods An observational descriptive study was performed prospectively at Tygerberg Academic Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa from 1 February 2018 till 31 January 2021 which enrolled 23 participants. Upon diagnosis of ocular syphilis, the HIV status of each patient was determined, and 3 samples (AH, serum and CSF) were collected to measure the levels of CXCL13, CXCL10 and CXCL8 in each. Results The mean concentrations of all 3 biomarkers were higher in the AH and CSF than in the serum. The mean concentrations of the 3 measured biomarkers were markedly different when comparing both AH and CSF levels to serum levels. The level of CXCL13 measured in the AH correlated well with the concentrations found in the CSF of patients with neurosyphilis. In patients with neurosyphilis, mean AH levels of CXCL13 and CXCL10 were markedly higher than in serum while mean CSF levels of CXCL10 were also markedly higher than in serum. Also, the AH/serum ratio of CXCL13 and CXCL10, as well as the CSF/serum ratio of CXCL10, was much higher in patients with neurosyphilis than without. In patients with HIV infection, mean AH CXCL13 levels were much higher than in patients without HIV infection. Conclusion The levels of CXCL13, CXCL10 and CXCL8 in the AH of patients with neurosyphilis are similar to previously reported levels in the CSF of patients with neurosyphilis and can potentially be an adjunct in the diagnosis of ocular syphilis. Patients with ocular syphilis who tested negative for neurosyphilis with conventional CSF testing showed features of neurosyphilis when analysing the CSF chemokines.