Browsing by Author "Wood, L.E."
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- ItemA global-scale screening of non-native aquatic organisms to identify potentially invasive species under current and future climate conditions(2021) Vilizzi, L.; Copp, G.H.; Hill, J.E.; Adamovich, B.; Aislabie, L.; Akin, D.; Al-Faisal, A.J.; Almeida, D.; Azmai, M.N.A.; Bakiu, R.; Bellati, A.; Bernier, R.; Bies, J.M.; Bilge, G.; Branco, P.; Bui, T.D.; Canning-Clode, J.; Ramos, H.A.C.; Castellanos-Galindo, G.A.; Castro, N.; Chaichana, R.; Chainho, P.; Chan, J.; Cunico, A.M.; Curd, A.; Dangchana, P.; Dashinov, D.; Davison, P.I.; de Camargo, M.P.; Dodd, J.A.; Donahou, A.L.D.; Edsman, L.; Ekmekci, F.G.; Elphinstone-Davis, J.; Eros, T.; Evangelista, C.; Fenwick, G.; Ferincz, A.; Ferreira, T.; Feunteun, E.; Filiz, H.; Forneck, S.C.; Gajduchenko, H.S.; Monteiro, J.G.; Gestoso, I.; Giannetto, D.; Gilles, A.S.; Gizzi, F.; Glamuzina, B.; Glamuzina, L.; Goldsmit, J.; Gollasch, S.; Goulletquer, P.; Grabowska, J.; Harmer, R.; Haubrock, P.J.; He, D.K.; Hean, J.W.; Herczeg, G.; Howland, K.L.; Ilhan, A.; Interesova, E.; Jakubcinova, K.; Jelmert, A.; Johnsen, S.I.; Kakareko, T.; Kanongdate, K.; Killi, N.; Kim, J.E.; Kirankaya, S.G.; Knazovicka, D.; Kopecky, O.; Kostov, V.; Koutsikos, N.; Kozic, S.; Kuljanishvili, T.; Kumar, B.; Kumar, L.; Kurita, Y.; Kurtul, I.; Lazzaro, L.; Lee, L.; Lehtiniemi, M.; Leonardi, G.; Leuven, R.; Li, S.; Lipinskaya, T.; Liu, F.; Lloyd, L.; Lorenzoni, M.; Luna, S.A.; Lyons, T.J.; Magellan, K.; Malmstrom, M.; Marchini, A.; Marr, S.M.; Masson, G.; Masson, L.; McKenzie, C.H.; Memedemin, D.; Mendoza, R.; Minchin, D.; Miossec, L.; Moghaddas, S.D.; Moshobane, M.C.; Mumladze, L.; Naddafi, R.; Najafi-Majd, E.; Nastase, A.; Navodaru, I.; Neal, J.W.; Nienhuis, S.; Nimtim, M.; Nolan, E.T.; Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A.; Ojaveer, H.; Olenin, S.; Olsson, K.; Onikura, N.; O'Shaughnessy, K.; Paganelli, D.; Parretti, P.; Patoka, J.; Jr, R.; Pellitteri-Rosa, D.; Pelletier-Rousseau, M.; Peralta, E.M.; Perdikaris, C.; Pietraszewski, D.; Piria, M.; Pitois, S.; Pompei, L.; Poulet, N.; Preda, C.; Puntila-Dodd, R.; Qashqaei, A.T.; Radocaj, T.; Rahmani, H.; Raj, S.; Reeves, D.; Ristovska, M.; Rizevsky, V.; Robertson, D.R.; Robertson, P.; Ruykys, L.; Sab, A.; Santos, J.M.; Sari, H.M.; Segurado, P.; Semenchenko, V.; Senanan, W.; Simard, N.; Simonovic, P.; Skora, M.; Svolikova, K.S.; Smeti, E.; Smidova, T.; Spelic, I.; Srebaliene, G.; Stasolla, G.; Stebbing, P.; Stevove, B.; Suresh, V.R.; Szajbert, B.; Ta, K.A.T.; Tarkan, A.S.; Tempesti, J.; Therriault, T.W.; Tidbury, H.J.; Top-Karakus, N.; Tricarico, E.; Troca, D.A.; Tsiamis, K.; Tuckett, Q.M.; Tutman, P.; Uyan, U.; Uzunova, E.; Vardakas, L.; Velle, G.; Verreycken, H.; Vintsek, L.; Wei, H.; Weiperth, A.; Weyl, O.L.F.; Winter, E.R.; Wlodarczyk, R.; Wood, L.E.; Yang, R.B.; Yapici, S.; Yeo, S.S.B.; Yogurtcuoglu, B.; Yunnie, A.L.E.; Zhu, Y.J.; Zieba, G.; Zitnanova, K.; Clarke, S.The threat posed by invasive non-native species worldwide requires a global approach to identify which introduced species are likely to pose an elevated risk of impact to native species and ecosystems. To inform policy, stakeholders and management decisions on global threats to aquatic ecosystems, 195 assessors representing 120 risk assessment areas across all six inhabited continents screened 819 non-native species from 15 groups of aquatic organisms (freshwater, brackish, marine plants and animals) using the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit. This multi-lingual decision-support tool for the risk screening of aquatic organisms provides assessors with risk scores for a species under current and future climate change conditions that, following a statistically based calibration, permits the accurate classification of species into high-, medium-and low-risk categories under current and predicted climate conditions. The 1730 screenings undertaken encompassed wide geographical areas (regions, political entities, parts thereof, water bodies, river basins, lake drainage basins, and marine regions), which permitted thresholds to be identified for almost all aquatic organismal groups screened as well as for tropical, temperate and continental climate classes, and for tropical and temperate marine ecoregions. In total, 33 species were identified as posing a & lsquo;very high risk & rsquo; of being or becoming invasive, and the scores of several of these species under current climate increased under future climate conditions, primarily due to their wide thermal tolerances. The risk thresholds determined for taxonomic groups and climate zones provide a basis against which area-specific or climate-based calibrated thresholds may be interpreted. In turn, the risk rankings help decision-makers identify which species require an immediate & lsquo;rapid & rsquo; management action (e.g. eradication, control) to avoid or mitigate adverse impacts, which require a full risk assessment, and which are to be restricted or banned with regard to importation and/or sale as ornamental or aquarium/fishery enhancement. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- ItemAssessing biological invasions in protected areas after 30 years: revisiting nature reserves targeted by the 1980s SCOPE programme(2020) Shackleton, R.T.; Foxcroft, L.C.; Pyšek, P.; Wood, L.E.; Richardson, D.M.Invasive alien species pose a major threat to biodiversity and natural ecosystems globally and negatively affect conservation efforts in protected areas. They can negatively alter biodiversity and ecological regimes and are a financial burden. Because of their negative impacts, it is important to better understand the threat and management of invasive alien species in protected areas (PAs) globally, and to know how these factors have changed over time. We give an update and compare how the threat and management of invasive species has changed in 21 PAs that were analysed as part of the international SCOPE programme on biological invasions in the mid-1980s. Of all the taxa analysed, invasive plants pose the greatest continued threat, and their numbers have increased in 48% of the PAs. Conversely, mammal invasions now represent less of a threat due to effective management in many PAs; 48% of PAs show a decrease in listed invasive alien mammal taxa. Invasions of amphibians, reptiles, birds and fish have remained stable over the three decades; around half of the PAs show no change for these taxa. Managers of most PAs consider the threat of invasions to be increasing, despite many (55%) PAs having sustained long-term management programmes and 45% having implemented additional ad hoc approaches. We draw on lessons from this analysis to support the future management of biological invasions in conservation areas. In particular, better monitoring and collation of data is needed, followed by increased preventative measures and the promotion of biological control for widespread species.
- ItemBiological invasions in World Heritage Sites: current status and a proposed monitoring and reporting framework(2020) Shackleton, R.T.; Bertzky, B.; Wood, L.E.; Bunbury, N.; Jäger, H.; van Merm, R.; Sevilla, C.; Smith, K.; Wilson, J.R.U.; Witt, A.B.R.; Richardson, D.M.UNESCO World Heritage Sites (WHS) are areas of outstanding universal value and conservation importance. They are, however, threatened by a variety of global change drivers, including biological invasions. We assessed the current status of biological invasions and their management in 241 natural and mixed WHS globally by reviewing documents collated by UNESCO and IUCN. We found that reports on the status of biological invasions in WHS were often irregular or inconsistent. Therefore, while some reports were very informative, they were hard to compare because no systematic method of reporting was followed. Our review revealed that almost 300 different invasive alien species (IAS) were considered as a threat to just over half of all WHS. Information on IAS management undertaken in WHS was available for fewer than half of the sites that listed IAS as a threat. There is clearly a need for an improved monitoring and reporting system for biological invasions in WHS and likely the same for other protected areas globally. To address this issue, we developed a new framework to guide monitoring and reporting of IAS in protected areas building on globally accepted standards for IAS assessments, and tested it on seven WHS. The framework requires the collation of information and reporting on pathways, alien species presence, impacts, and management, the estimation of future threats and management needs, assessments of knowledge and gaps, and, using all of this information allows for an overall threat score to be assigned to the protected area. This new framework should help to improve monitoring of IAS in protected areas moving forward.