Browsing by Author "Shaw, J."

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    Distal malignant biliary obstruction : a prospective randomised trial comparing plastic and uncovered self-expanding metal stents in the palliation of symptomatic jaundice
    (Health and Medical Publishing Group, 2018) Bernon, M. M.; Shaw, J.; Burmeister, S.; Chinnery, G.; Hofmeyr, S.; Kloppers, J. C.; Jonas, E.; Krige, J. E. J.
    Background: The aim of this study was to determine the safety and clinical effectiveness of 10Fr plastic biliary stents compared to uncovered self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) for palliative treatment of patients with inoperable extra-hepatic malignant biliary obstruction in a public hospital in South Africa. Methods: From January 2009 to December 2013, 40 patients who were admitted to a tertiary academic centre because of distal malignant biliary obstruction were enrolled in a prospective randomized study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive an uncovered SEMS or a plastic stent deployed through the biliary stricture during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Results: Patient survival time in the two groups did not differ significantly (median: SEMS – 114 days; plastic – 107 days). Stent failure was more common in the plastic stent group (7/19 vs. 1/21). The results became significant after 6 months of follow-up. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of serious adverse events. Conclusions: SEMS had a longer duration of patency than plastic stents, which recommends their use in the palliative treatment of patients with biliary obstruction due to distal malignant biliary obstruction.
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    Post-tuberculosis lung health : perspectives from the First International Symposium
    (International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2020-08-01) Allwood, B. W.; van der Zalm, M. M.; Amaral, A. F. S.; Byrne, A.; Datta, S.; Egere, U.; Evans, C. A.; Evans, D.; Gray, D. M.; Hoddinott, G.; Ivanova, O.; Jones, R.; Makanda, G.; Marx, F. M.; Meghji, J.; Mpagama, S.; Pasipanodya, J. G.; Rachow, A.; Schoeman, I.; Shaw, J.; Stek, C.; van Kampen, S.; von Delft, D.; Walker, N. F.; Wallis, R. S.; Mortimer, K.
    ALTHOUGH CURABLE, TB frequently leaves the individual with chronic physical and psycho-social impairment, but these consequences have been largely neglected. The 1st International Post-Tuberculosis Symposium (Stellenbosch, South Africa) was held to discuss priorities and gaps in addressing this issue. A barrier to progress has been the varied terminology and nomenclature, so the Delphi process was used to achieve consensus on definitions. Lack of sufficient evidence hampered definitive recommendations in most domains, including prevention and treatment of post-TB lung disease (PTLD), but the discussions clarified the research needed. A consensus was reached on a toolkit for future PTLD measurement and on PTLD patterns to be considered. The importance of extra-pulmonary consequences and progressive impairment throughout the life-course was identified, including TB recurrence and increased mortality. Patient advocates emphasised the need to address the psychological and social impacts post TB and called for clinical guidance. More generally, there is an urgent need for increased awareness and research into post-TB complications.