Browsing by Author "Sambala, Evanson Zondani"

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    Burden of seasonal influenza in sub- Saharan Africa : a systematic review protocol
    (BMJ Publishing Group, 2018-10) Sambala, Evanson Zondani; Mdolo, Aaron; Banda, Richard; Phiri, Arthur; Wiyeh, Alison B.; Wiysonge, Charles Shey
    Introduction Measures of epidemiological burdens are an important contribution to estimating disease severity and determining the at-risk populations for seasonal influenza. In the absence of these data, it is extremely difficult for policy-makers to decide on how to distribute limited resources. This systematic review will synthesise the literature on reported burden of seasonal influenza (eg, morbidity and mortality) in sub-Saharan Africa. Method and analysis We will include published epidemiological studies that capture the burden estimation of seasonal influenza between 1 January 2000 and 31 August 2018. Studies that have reported disease burden estimates associated to influenza-like illness, acute respiratory illness, acute lower respiratory illness, severe acute respiratory illness and severe or very severe pneumonia using laboratory-confirmed influenza cases will be included. We will perform a multiple electronic database search in PubMed, Embase, African Journals Online, Cochrane, Web of science, CINAHL and Google scholar for eligible studies. The reference lists of relevant studies will also be hand-searched for potentially eligible studies. The titles and abstracts of identified records will be screened independently by two authors. The full-text articles of potentially eligible studies will be assessed independently by two authors. Discrepancies will be resolved by discussion, and by a third author if the first two authors fail to come to a consensus. The measures of the burden of influenza will be aggregated using a meta-analysis for homogeneous studies and narrative synthesis if the studies are heterogeneous. The strength of the evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.
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    Mortality, morbidity, and hospitalisations due to influenza lower respiratory tract infections, 2017 : an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
    (Elsevier, 2019) Troeger, Christopher E.; Blacker, Brigette F.; Khalil, Ibrahim A.; Zimsen, Stephanie R. M.; Albertson, Samuel B.; Abate, Degu; Abdela, Jemal; Adhikari, Tara Ballav; Aghayan, Sargis Aghasi; Agrawal, Sutapa; Ahmadi, Alireza; Aichour, Amani Nidhal; Aichour, Ibtihel; Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine; Al-Eyadhy, Ayman; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M.; Alahdab, Fares; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Anber, Nahla Hamed; Anjomshoa, Mina; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Aremu, Olatunde; Atalay, Hagos Tasew; Atique, Suleman; Attia, Engi F.; Avokpaho, Euripide F. G. A.; Awasthi, Ashish; Babazadeh, Arefeh; Badali, Hamid; Badawi, Alaa; Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar; Barac, Aleksandra; Bassat, Quique; Bedi, Neeraj; Belachew, Abate Bekele; Bennett, Derrick A.; Bhattacharyya, Krittika; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Bijani, Ali; Carvalho, Felix; Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Christopher, Devasahayam J.; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; Dang, Anh Kim; Daryani, Ahmad; Degefa, Meaza Girma; Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen; Dhimal, Meghnath; Djalalinia, Shirin; Doku, David Teye; Dubey, Manisha; Dubljanin, Eleonora; Duken, Eyasu Ejeta; Edessa, Dumessa; Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed; Fakhim, Hamed; Fernandes, Eduarda; Fischer, Florian; Flor, Luisa Sorio; Foreman, Kyle J.; Gebremichael, Teklu Gebrehiwo; Geremew, Demeke; Ghadiri, Keyghobad; Goulart, Alessandra C.; Guo, Jingwen; Ha, Giang Hai; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin; Haj-Mirzaian, Arya; Hamidi, Samer; Hassen, Hamid Yimam; Hoang, Chi Linh; Horita, Nobuyuki; Hostiuc, Mihaela; Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi; Jha, Ravi Prakash; Jonas, Jost B.; Kahsay, Amaha; Karch, Andre; Kasaeian, Amir; Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale; Kefale, Adane Teshome; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Khan, Gulfaraz; Khan, Md Nuruzzaman; Khang, Young-Ho; Khoja, Abdullah T.; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kimokoti, Ruth W.; Kisa, Adnan; Knibbs, Luke D.; Kochhar, Sonali; Kosen, Soewarta; Koul, Parvaiz A.; Koyanagi, Ai; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Kumar, G. Anil; Lal, Dharmesh Kumar; Lamichhane, Prabhat; Leshargie, Cheru Tesema; Levi, Miriam; Li, Shanshan; Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King; Majdan, Marek; Mehta, Varshil; Melese, Addisu; Memish, Ziad A.; Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Mestrovic, Tomislav; Miazgowski, Bartosz; Milne, George J.; Milosevic, Branko; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.; Moazen, Babak; Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin; Mohammed, Shafiu; Monasta, Lorenzo; Morawska, Lidia; Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam; Muhammed, Oumer Sada S.; Murthy, Srinivas; Mustafa, Ghulam; Naheed, Aliya; Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi; Nguyen, Nam Ba; Nguyen, Son Hoang; Nguyen, Trang Huyen; Nisar, Muhammad Imran; Nixon, Molly R.; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Olagunju, Andrew T.; Olagunju, Tinuke O.; Oren, Eyal; Ortiz, Justin R.; Mahesh, P. A.; Pakhale, Smita; Patel, Shanti; Paudel, Deepak; Pigott, David M.; Postma, Maarten J.; Qorbani, Mostafa; Rafay, Anwar; Rafiei, Alireza; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh; Roberts, Nicholas L. S.; Ronfani, Luca; Rubino, Salvatore; Safari, Saeed; Safiri, Saeid; Saleem, Zikria; Sambala, Evanson Zondani; Samy, Abdallah M.; Milicevic, Milena M. Santric; Sartorius, Benn; Sarvi, Shahabeddin; Savic, Miloje; Sawhney, Monika; Saxena, Sonia; Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Sharif, Mehdi; Sheikh, Aziz; Shigematsu, Mika; Smith, David L.; Somayaji, Ranjani; Soriano, Joan B.; Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T.; Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Tessema, Belay; Teweldemedhin, Mebrahtu; Tortajada-Girbes, Miguel; Tran, Bach Xuan; Tran, Khanh Bao; Tsadik, Afewerki Gebremeskel; Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna; Ullah, Irfan; Vasankari, Tommi Juhani; Vu, Giang Thu; Wada, Fiseha Wadilo; Waheed, Yasir; West, T. Eoin; Wiysonge, Charles Shey; Yimer, Ebrahim M.; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Zaidi, Zoubida; Vos, Theo; Lim, Stephen S.; Murray, Christopher J. L.; Mokdad, Ali H.; Hay, Simon I.; Reiner, Robert C.
    Background: Although the burden of influenza is often discussed in the context of historical pandemics and the threat of future pandemics, every year a substantial burden of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and other respiratory conditions (like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) are attributable to seasonal influenza. The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2017 is a systematic scientific effort to quantify the health loss associated with a comprehensive set of diseases and disabilities. In this Article, we focus on LRTIs that can be attributed to influenza. Methods We modelled the LRTI incidence, hospitalisations, and mortality attributable to influenza for every country and selected subnational locations by age and year from 1990 to 2017 as part of GBD 2017. We used a counterfactual approach that first estimated the LRTI incidence, hospitalisations, and mortality and then attributed a fraction of those outcomes to influenza. Findings Influenza LRTI was responsible for an estimated 145 000 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 99 000–200 000) deaths among all ages in 2017. The influenza LRTI mortality rate was highest among adults older than 70 years (16·4 deaths per 100 000 [95% UI 11·6–21·9]), and the highest rate among all ages was in eastern Europe (5·2 per 100 000 population [95% UI 3·5–7·2]). We estimated that influenza LRTIs accounted for 9 459 000 (95% UI 3 709 000–22 935 000) hospitalisations due to LRTIs and 81 536 000 hospital days (24 330 000–259 851 000). We estimated that 11·5% (95% UI 10·0–12·9) of LRTI episodes were attributable to influenza, corresponding to 54 481 000 (38 465 000–73 864 000) episodes and 8 172 000 severe episodes (5 000 000–13 296 000). Interpretation This comprehensive assessment of the burden of influenza LRTIs shows the substantial annual effect of influenza on global health. Although preparedness planning will be important for potential pandemics, health loss due to seasonal influenza LRTIs should not be overlooked, and vaccine use should be considered. Efforts to improve influenza prevention measures are needed.