Browsing by Author "Mulibana, Pinki Lorraine"

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    Characteristics and patterns of migration to and from Mpumalanga Province, 2011-2016
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2019-04) Mulibana, Pinki Lorraine; Geyer, Manie; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of Geography and Environmental Studies.
    ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Migration can be defined as the movement by persons, households or crowds of people from one area to another. The movement can be permanent, temporary, voluntary, involuntary,i internal or external. The volumes of migration can result in desirable and undesirable elements at origins and destinations. More diversity amongst areas results in higher levels of migration. Under such conditions, good opportunities arise and attract people who are not satisfied with their places of origin. Rich countries see immigration as an economic challenge, because it increases criminality and causes social tension. However, skilled and highly educated migrants come within formation that may help in the development of the country. In South Africa, urbanisation is the cause of increment of population in the urbancities. Recent studies show that counter-urbanisation can be a solution to the rural human capital flight by encouraging development in rural areas and increasing economic opportunities, facilities and crucial skills.This research examines the in and out trends and patterns of migration of Mpumalanga during the period 2011 to 2016. The research shows that Gauteng had the largest percentage (35,3%) of out-migrants to Mpumalanga, followed by Limpopo province with a percentage of 23,6% and KwaZulu-Natal with a percentage of 16,8%. Gauteng also had the highest percentage (57,8%) of in-migrants from Mpumalanga, followed by Limpopo (9,3%), Eastern Cape(8,3%) and KwaZulu-Natal (7,2%). The movement of people to and from Mpumalanga contributes towards the development of Mpumalanga. The rate at which migration takes place in Mpumalanga is posing a big challenge to the province and municipality infrastructures, especially on planning and service delivery. The majority of people from different provinces prefer to relocate to Emalahleni (0,15%), followed by Thembisile (0,13%) and Steve Tshwete (0,13%) municipalities. Few people preferred the Emakhanzeni (0,01%), Mkhondo (0,01%) and Dr Pixley Ka IsakaSeme (0,02%) municipalities. The majority of people from Mpumalanga province are coming from Thembisile municipality (0,22%), followed by Govan Mbeki municipality(0,12%). Socio-economic characteristics such as education and looking for paid work are found to be the main reasons for movement to the current place. This pattern is seen across all provinces. The results give a comprehension of the vicissitudes in migration to and from Mpumalanga, and this can help in planning and strategy.