Browsing by Author "Meyerson, L.A."
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- ItemDrivers of future alien species impacts: an expert-based assessment(2020) Essl, F.; Lenzner, B.; Bacher, S.; Bailey, S.; Capinha, C.; Daehler, C.; Dullinger, S.; Genovesi, P.; Hui, C.; Hulme, P.E.; Jeschke, J.M.; Katsanevakis, S.; Kühn, I.; Leung, B.; Liebhold, A.; Liu, C.; MacIsaac, H.J.; Meyerson, L.A.; Nuñez, M.A.; Pauchard, A.; Pyšek, P.; Rabitsch, W.; Richardson, D.M.; Roy, H.E.; Ruiz, G.M.; Russell, J.C.; Sanders, N.J.; Sax, D.F.; Scalera, R.; Seebens, H.; Springborn, M.; Turbelin, A.; van Kleunen, M.; von Holle, B.; Winter, M.; Zenni, R.D.; Mattsson, B.J.; Roura-Pascual, N.Understanding the likely future impacts of biological invasions is crucial yet highly challenging given the multiple relevant environmental, socio-economic and societal contexts and drivers. In the absence of quantitative models, methods based on expert knowledge are the best option for assessing future invasion trajectories. Here, we present an expert assessment of the drivers of potential alien species impacts under contrasting scenarios and socioecological contexts through the mid-21st century. Based on responses from 36 experts in biological invasions, moderate (20%–30%) increases in invasions, compared to the current conditions, are expected to cause major impacts on biodiversity in most socioecological contexts. Three main drivers of biological invasions—transport, climate change and socio-economic change—were predicted to significantly affect future impacts of alien species on biodiversity even under a best-case scenario. Other drivers (e.g. human demography and migration in tropical and subtropical regions) were also of high importance in specific global contexts (e.g. for individual taxonomic groups or biomes). We show that some best-case scenarios can substantially reduce potential future impacts of biological invasions. However, rapid and comprehensive actions are necessary to use this potential and achieve the goals of the Post-2020 Framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
- ItemGlobal networks for invasion science: benefits, challenges and guidelines(Springer, 2017) Packer, J.G.; Meyerson, L.A.; Richardson, D.M.; Brundu, G.; Allen, W.J.; Bhattarai, G.P.; Brix, H.; Canavan, S.; Castiglione, S.; Cicatelli, A.; Čuda, J.; Cronin, J.T.; Eller, F.; Guarino, F.; Guo, W.H.; Guo, W.Y.; Guo, X.; Hierro, J.L.; Lambertini, C.; Liu, J.; Lozano, V.; Mozdzer, T.J.; Skálová, H.; Villarreal, D.; Wang, R.Q.; Pyšek, P.Much has been done to address the challenges of biological invasions, but fundamental questions (e.g., which species invade? Which habitats are invaded? How can invasions be effectively managed?) still need to be answered before the spread and impact of alien taxa can be effectively managed. Questions on the role of biogeography (e.g., how does biogeography influence ecosystem susceptibility, resistance and resilience against invasion?) have the greatest potential to address this goal by increasing our capacity to understand and accurately predict invasions at local, continental and global scales. This paper proposes a framework for the development of ‘Global Networks for Invasion Science’ to help generate approaches to address these critical and fundamentally biogeographic questions. We define global networks on the basis of their focus on research questions at the global scale, collection of primary data, use of standardized protocols and metrics, and commitment to long-term global data. Global networks are critical for the future of invasion science because of their potential to extend beyond the capacity of individual partners to identify global priorities for research agendas and coordinate data collection over space and time, assess risks and emerging trends, understand the complex influences of biogeography on mechanisms of invasion, predict the future of invasion dynamics, and use these new insights to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of evidence-based management techniques. While the pace and scale of global change continues to escalate, strategic and collaborative global networks offer a powerful approach to inform responses to the threats posed by biological invasions.
- ItemHonoring Harold A. Mooney: Citizen of the world and catalyst for invasion science(Springer, 2017) Simberloff, D.; Meyerson, L.A.; Pyšek, P.; Richardson, D.M.
- ItemInvasion syndromes: a systematic approach for predicting biological invasions and facilitating effective management(2020) Novoa, A.; Richardson, D.M.; Pyšek, P.; Meyerson, L.A.; Bacher, S.; Canavan, S.; Catford, J.A.; Čuda, J.; Essl, F.; Foxcroft, L.C.; Genovesi, P.; Hirsch, H.; Hui, C.; Jackson, M.C.; Kueffer, C.; Le Roux, J.J.; Measey, J.; Mohanty, N.P.; Moodley, D.; Müller-Schärer, H.; Packer, J.G.; Pergl, J.; Robinson, T.B.; Saul, W.C.; Shackleton, R.T.; Visser, V.; Weyl, O.L.F.; Yannelli, F.A.; Wilson, J.R.U.Our ability to predict invasions has been hindered by the seemingly idiosyncratic context-dependency of individual invasions. However, we argue that robust and useful generalisations in invasion science can be made by considering “invasion syndromes” which we define as “a combination of pathways, alien species traits, and characteristics of the recipient ecosystem which collectively result in predictable dynamics and impacts, and that can be managed effectively using specific policy and management actions”. We describe this approach and outline examples that highlight its utility, including: cacti with clonal fragmentation in arid ecosystems; small aquatic organisms introduced through ballast water in harbours; large ranid frogs with frequent secondary transfers; piscivorous freshwater fishes in connected aquatic ecosystems; plant invasions in high-elevation areas; tall-statured grasses; and tree-feeding insects in forests with suitable hosts. We propose a systematic method for identifying and delimiting invasion syndromes. We argue that invasion syndromes can account for the context-dependency of biological invasions while incorporating insights from comparative studies. Adopting this approach will help to structure thinking, identify transferrable risk assessment and management lessons, and highlight similarities among events that were previously considered disparate invasion phenomena.