Browsing by Author "Madzimbamuto, Farai D."

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    Maternal and neonatal outcomes after caesarean delivery in the African Surgical Outcomes Study : a 7-day prospective observational cohort study
    (Elsevier, 2019-04) Bishop, David; Dyer, Robert A.; Maswime, Salome; Rodseth, Reitze N.; Van Dyk, Dominique; Kluyts, Hyla-Louise; Tumukunde, Janat T.; Madzimbamuto, Farai D.; Elkhogia, Abdulaziz M.; Ndonga, Andrew K. N.; Ngumi, Zipporah W. W.; Omigbodun, Akinyinka O.; Amanor-Boadu, Simbo D.; Zoumenou, Eugene; Basenero, Apollo; Munlemvo, Dolly M.; Youssouf, Coulibaly; Ndayisaba, Gabriel; Antwi-Kusi, Akwasi; Gobin, Veekash; Forget, Patrice; Mbwele, Bernard; Ndasi, Henry; Rakotoarison, Sylvia R.; Samateh, Ahmadou L.; Mehyaoui, Ryad; Patel-Mujajat, Ushmaben; Sani, Chaibou M.; Esterhuizen, Tonya M.; Madiba, Thandinkosi E.; Pearse, Rupert M.; Biccard, Bruce M.
    Background: Maternal and neonatal mortality is high in Africa, but few large, prospective studies have been done to investigate the risk factors associated with these poor maternal and neonatal outcomes. Methods: A 7-day, international, prospective, observational cohort study was done in patients having caesarean delivery in 183 hospitals across 22 countries in Africa. The inclusion criteria were all consecutive patients (aged ≥18 years) admitted to participating centres having elective and non-elective caesarean delivery during the 7-day study cohort period. To ensure a representative sample, each hospital had to provide data for 90% of the eligible patients during the recruitment week. The primary outcome was in-hospital maternal mortality and complications, which were assessed by local investigators. The study was registered on the South African National Health Research Database, number KZ_2015RP7_22, and on ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT03044899. Findings: Between February, 2016, and May, 2016, 3792 patients were recruited from hospitals across Africa. 3685 were included in the postoperative complications analysis (107 missing data) and 3684 were included in the maternal mortality analysis (108 missing data). These hospitals had a combined number of specialist surgeons, obstetricians, and anaesthetists totalling 0·7 per 100000 population (IQR 0·2–2·0). Maternal mortality was 20 (0·5%) of 3684 patients (95% CI 0·3–0·8). Complications occurred in 633 (17·4%) of 3636 mothers (16·2–18·6), which were predominantly severe intraoperative and postoperative bleeding (136 [3·8%] of 3612 mothers). Maternal mortality was independently associated with a preoperative presentation of placenta praevia, placental abruption, ruptured uterus, antepartum haemorrhage (odds ratio 4·47 [95% CI 1·46–13·65]), and perioperative severe obstetric haemorrhage (5·87 [1·99–17·34]) or anaesthesia complications (11·47 (1·20–109·20]). Neonatal mortality was 153 (4·4%) of 3506 infants (95% CI 3·7–5·0). Interpretation: Maternal mortality after caesarean delivery in Africa is 50 times higher than that of high-income countries and is driven by peripartum haemorrhage and anaesthesia complications. Neonatal mortality is double the global average. Early identification and appropriate management of mothers at risk of peripartum haemorrhage might improve maternal and neonatal outcomes in Africa.
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    Use of oxytocin during Caesarean section at Princess Marina Hospital, Botswana : an audit of clinical practice
    (AOSIS Publishing, 2013-02) Tsima, Billy; Madzimbamuto, Farai D.; Mash, Bob
    Background: Oxytocin is widely used for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage. In the setting of Caesarean section (CS), the dosage and mode of administrating oxytocin differs according to different guidelines. Inappropriate oxytocin doses have been identified as contributory to some cases of maternal deaths. The main aim of this study was to audit the current standard of clinical practice with regard to the use of oxytocin during CS at a referral hospital in Botswana. Methods: A clinical audit of pregnant women having CS and given oxytocin at the time of the operation was conducted over a period of three months. Data included indications for CS, oxytocin dose regimen, prescribing clinician’s designation, type of anaesthesia for the CS and estimated blood loss. Results: A total of 139 case records were included. The commonest dose was 20 IU infusion (31.7%). The potentially dangerous regimen of 10 IU intravenous bolus of oxytocin was used in 12.9% of CS. Further doses were utilized in 57 patients (41%). The top three indications for CS were fetal distress (36 patients, 24.5%), dystocia (32 patients, 21.8%) and a previous CS (25 patients, 17.0%). Estimated blood loss ranged from 50 mL – 2000 mL. Conclusion: The use of oxytocin during CS in the local setting does not follow recommended practice. This has potentially harmful consequences. Education and guidance through evidence based national guidelines could help alleviate the problem.