Browsing by Author "Lozano, V."
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- ItemApplying the Convention on Biological Diversity Pathway Classification to alien species in Europe(2020) Pergl, J.; Brundu, G.; Harrower, C.A.; Cardoso, A.C.; Genovesi, P.; Katsanevakis, S.; Lozano, V.; Perglova, I.; Rabitsch, W.; Richards, G.; Roques, A.; Rorke, S.L.; Scalera, R.; Schonrogge, K.; Stewart, A.; Tricarico, E.; Tsiamis, K.; Vannini, A.; Vil, M.; Zenetos, A.; Roy, H.E.The number of alien species arriving within new regions has increased at unprecedented rates. Managing the pathways through which alien species arrive and spread is important to reduce the threat of biological invasions. Harmonising information on pathways across individual sectors and user groups is therefore critical to underpin policy and action. The European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN) has been developed to easily facilitate open access to data of alien species in Europe. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) Pathway Classification framework has become a global standard for the classification of pathways. We followed a structured approach to assign pathway information within EASIN for a subset of alien species in Europe, which covered 4169 species, spanning taxonomic groups and environments. We document constraints and challenges associated with implementing the CBD Pathway Classification framework and propose potential amendments to increase clarity. This study is unique in the scope of taxonomic coverage and also in the inclusion of primary (independent introductions to Europe) and secondary (means of dispersal for species expansion within Europe, after their initial introduction) modes of introduction. In addition, we summarise the patterns of introduction pathways within this subset of alien species within the context of Europe. Based on the analyses, we confirm that the CBD Pathway Classification framework offers a robust, hierarchical system suitable for the classification of alien species introduction and spread across a wide range of taxonomic groups and environments. However, simple modifications could improve interpretation of the pathway categories ensuring consistent application across databases and information systems at local, national, regional, continental and global scales. Improving consistency would also help in the development of pathway action plans, as required by EU legislation.
- ItemGlobal guidelines for the sustainable use of non-native trees to prevent tree invasions and mitigate their negative impacts(2020) Brundu, G.; Pauchard, A.; Pyšek, P.; Pergl, J.; Bindewald, A.M.; Brunori, A.; Canavan, S.; Campagnaro, T.; Celesti-Grapow, L.; de Sá Dechoum, M.; Dufour-Dror, J.-M.; Essl, F.; Flory, S.L.; Genovesi, P.; Guarino, F.; Guangzhe, L.; Hulme, P.E.; Jäger, H.; Kettle, C.J.; Krumm, F.; Langdon, B.; Lapin, K.; Lozano, V.; Le Roux, J.J.; Novoa, A.; Nuñez, M.A.; Porté, A.J.; Silva, J.S.; Schaffner, U.; Sitzia, T.; Tanner, R.; Tshidada, N.; Vítková, M.; Westergren, M.; Wilson, J.R.U.; Richardson, D.M.Sustainably managed non-native trees deliver economic and societal benefits with limited risk of spread to adjoining areas. However, some plantations have launched invasions that cause substantial damage to biodiversity and ecosystem services, while others pose substantial threats of causing such impacts. The challenge is to maximise the benefits of non-native trees, while minimising negative impacts and preserving future benefits and options. A workshop was held in 2019 to develop global guidelines for the sustainable use of non-native trees, using the Council of Europe – Bern Convention Code of Conduct on Invasive Alien Trees as a starting point. The global guidelines consist of eight recommendations: 1) Use native trees, or non-invasive non-native trees, in preference to invasive non-native trees; 2) Be aware of and comply with international, national, and regional regulations concerning non-native trees; 3) Be aware of the risk of invasion and consider global change trends; 4) Design and adopt tailored practices for plantation site selection and silvicultural management; 5) Promote and implement early detection and rapid response programmes; 6) Design and adopt tailored practices for invasive non-native tree control, habitat restoration, and for dealing with highly modified ecosystems; 7) Engage with stakeholders on the risks posed by invasive non-native trees, the impacts caused, and the options for management; and 8) Develop and support global networks, collaborative research, and information sharing on native and non-native trees. The global guidelines are a first step towards building global consensus on the precautions that should be taken when introducing and planting non-native trees. They are voluntary and are intended to complement statutory requirements under international and national legislation. The application of the global guidelines and the achievement of their goals will help to conserve forest biodiversity, ensure sustainable forestry, and contribute to the achievement of several Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations linked with forest biodiversity.
- ItemGlobal networks for invasion science: benefits, challenges and guidelines(Springer, 2017) Packer, J.G.; Meyerson, L.A.; Richardson, D.M.; Brundu, G.; Allen, W.J.; Bhattarai, G.P.; Brix, H.; Canavan, S.; Castiglione, S.; Cicatelli, A.; Čuda, J.; Cronin, J.T.; Eller, F.; Guarino, F.; Guo, W.H.; Guo, W.Y.; Guo, X.; Hierro, J.L.; Lambertini, C.; Liu, J.; Lozano, V.; Mozdzer, T.J.; Skálová, H.; Villarreal, D.; Wang, R.Q.; Pyšek, P.Much has been done to address the challenges of biological invasions, but fundamental questions (e.g., which species invade? Which habitats are invaded? How can invasions be effectively managed?) still need to be answered before the spread and impact of alien taxa can be effectively managed. Questions on the role of biogeography (e.g., how does biogeography influence ecosystem susceptibility, resistance and resilience against invasion?) have the greatest potential to address this goal by increasing our capacity to understand and accurately predict invasions at local, continental and global scales. This paper proposes a framework for the development of ‘Global Networks for Invasion Science’ to help generate approaches to address these critical and fundamentally biogeographic questions. We define global networks on the basis of their focus on research questions at the global scale, collection of primary data, use of standardized protocols and metrics, and commitment to long-term global data. Global networks are critical for the future of invasion science because of their potential to extend beyond the capacity of individual partners to identify global priorities for research agendas and coordinate data collection over space and time, assess risks and emerging trends, understand the complex influences of biogeography on mechanisms of invasion, predict the future of invasion dynamics, and use these new insights to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of evidence-based management techniques. While the pace and scale of global change continues to escalate, strategic and collaborative global networks offer a powerful approach to inform responses to the threats posed by biological invasions.