Browsing by Author "Lombard, M. J."

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Development of a diabetes mellitus nutritional management manual for South African healthcare professionals
    (Taylor & Francis, 2015-02) Rausch, Ursula; Labuschagne, I. L.; Lombard, M. J.
    Background: The objective was to develop a standardised education manual for healthcare professionals in South Africa on the nutritional management of diabetes mellitus. Method: The manual was developed using seven steps: needs assessment and problem definition, a literature search, the first draft of the manual, peer review, the second draft of the manual, expert panel evaluation and the final manual. Results: Following the literature search, the first draft of the manual was developed and sent for peer review and language editing. Recommended changes were made and the second draft was developed and sent to 77 dietitians, of whom the majority were satisfied with the content, which led to the final manual. Conclusion: A diabetes mellitus nutritional management manual for healthcare professionals in South Africa was developed using a systematic approach using peer review and expert panels. The next step will be to evaluate its impact on the knowledge of healthcare professionals.
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    Food availability and accessibility in the local food distribution system of a low-income, urban community in Worcester, in the Western Cape province
    (Medpharm Publications, 2013) Roos, J. A.; Ruthven, George Andries; Lombard, M. J.; McLachlan, M. H.
    Objectives: The objective was to understand the local food distribution system in Avian Park, with a focus on food availability and accessibility. Study design: This was a quantitative food store survey that employed semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. Setting: The study was conducted in Avian Park, situated in the Breede Valley, in the Western Cape province. Subjects: Thirteen spaza shops, three chain supermarkets, three street vendors, two butchers, two wholesalers, a community café and a small, independent supermarket randomly selected from the community were included. Food retail outlet managers and community residents were also included. Outcome measures: The outcome measures were food prices, availability, and access and quality. Results: The café stocked 56% of the surveyed food items, spaza shops 66% and the supermarket 69%. Spaza shops stocked sweetened products, basic staples and processed food. A variety of vegetables was available at the café and supermarket, with less variety in the spaza shops. Processed and staple food was most expensive in the spaza shops, while fruit and vegetables were generally cheaper. Food prices were below the national average in all of the food categories, except for bread, cereals, grains, sweets and sugar. Interviews with shop owners indicated that fruit and vegetables were not kept because of spoilage, space limitations, storage issues and lack of transport. Focus group discussions with residents indicated a need for fruit, vegetables and meat outlets within walking distance. Conclusion: Community food prices were not the main factor inhibiting food accessibility, but rather variety and quality.
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    Infant formula for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
    (Medpharm Publications, 2012) Owens, C. J. W.; Labuschagne, I. L.; Lombard, M. J.
    Thickened infant formula is widely used as a first-line treatment for gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in infants. The use thereof remains controversial, and conflicting evidence exists with regards to its efficiency. The safety of anti-reflux formula has been proven, with only a few adverse effects reported, making it safe for infants with mild symptoms of reflux.
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    The nutrient intake of children aged 12–36 months living in two communities in the Breede Valley, Western Cape province, South Africa
    (Taylor & Francis, 2015) Balogun, T. A.; Lombard, M. J.; McLachlan, M.
    Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the current macro- and micronutrient intake of children (both boys and girls) in two selected communities in the Breede Valley, Worcester. Design: This was a quantitative cross-sectional study. Setting: The study focused on two disadvantaged communities in Worcester (Avian Park and Zweletemba) in the Breede Valley, Western Cape province. Subjects: The study subjects were 248 children (Avian Park, n = 117; Zweletemba, n = 131) aged 12–36 months. Method: The macro-and micronutrient intake of the children was determined using a validated, interviewer-administered quantitative food frequency questionaire, and compared against the estimated average requirement (EAR) and adequate intake (AI) of nutrients. The nutrient adequacy ratio was calculated, as well as percentage deviation from the EAR and AI. Results: More than 20% of the children had a calcium and folate intake that deviated by more than 50% below the EAR in both communities and for both genders. More participants in Zweletemba had an intake that deviated by more than 50% above the EAR and AI, compared to Avian Park, for carbohydrate, thiamine, niacin and iron. Conclusion: With the exception of folate, calcium and selenium, the average reported nutrient intake of the children (boys and girls) in both the communities was adequate.
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    Optimal nutrition during pregnancy and lactation
    (2012) Labuschagne, I. L.; Ackerberg, T. S.; Lombard, M. J.
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    The use of prebiotics and probiotics in infant formula
    (Medpharm Publications, 2012-08) Ackerberg, T. S.; Labuschagne, I. L.; Lombard, M. J.
    Gastrointestinal flora influences health, but the composition of flora can be changed with prebiotics or probiotics. The addition of probiotics to powdered infant formula has not been demonstrated to be harmful to healthy term infants. However, evidence of clinical efficacy regarding their addition is insufficient to recommend the routine use of such formula. The administration of probiotic (single or in combination) supplementation in infant or follow-on formula, and given beyond early infancy, may be associated with some clinical benefits, such as a reduction in the risk of nonspecific gastrointestinal infections, a reduced risk of antibiotic use and a lower frequency of colic and irritability. Confirmatory well-designed clinical research studies are necessary.