Browsing by Author "Jamah, Tokpa Darwolo"

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    Modeling the economics of insecticide and trypanocide-treated cattle interventions against trypanosomiasis disease within a multi-host situation
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-03) Jamah, Tokpa Darwolo; Ouifki, Rachid; Hargrove, John; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Science. Dept. of Mathematical Sciences.
    ENGLISH SUMMARY: Trypanosomiasis, sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in animals, is vectored by tsetse flies (Glossina genus), which have acquired their infection from feeding on an infectious host. Its control or elimination is a major challenge faced by farmers in keeping their cattle herd free of the disease, in large areas of sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted an economic evaluation of two tsetse control interventions, namely: treatment of infected cattle with trypanocides known as trypanocide-treated cattle (TTC), and use of insecticide-treated cattle (ITC), as measures of controlling or eliminating the disease. The two forms of the disease considered are: (i) one caused by Trypanosoma vivax, affecting mainly the livestock, and (ii) one caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense which is present mainly in humans. A benefit-cost analysis was performed for the former, while a cost-effectiveness was carried out for the latter because of the impossibility of assigning a monetary value to the benefit of saving a human life. We adapted two models that best describe the biology of T. vivax infection and then extended both models to incorporate the biology of the T. b. rhodesiense infection. Both the ITC and TTC Models against T. vivax and T.b. rhodesiense infections disease states (prevalence and incidence rates) were analyzed and sensitivity analysis was also conducted. The results fully support findings from established literature. The models’ economic evaluation indicates that ITC intervention yields higher benefit-cost ratios and a higher cost-effectiveness ratio (CER), or number of cases prevented per dollar spent, than the TTC intervention. These results support previous findings about the comparative advantage of ITC over TTC for trypanosomiasis control and elimination using static models. We recognize, however, that the approach will only be viable when there is a sufficient density of cattle within the tsetse infested area.