Browsing by Author "Du Plessis, S. S."

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    A red palm oil diet can reduce the effects of oxidative stress on rat spermatozoa
    (2012) Aboua, Y. G.; Brooks, N.; Mahfouz, R. Z.; Agarwal, A.; Du Plessis, S. S.
    Male Wistar rats (n=54) received daily supplementation of red palm oil (RPO: 0, 2, 4ml). Subgroups were subsequently injected with saline, cumene hydroperoxide (cHP, 10μm) or t-butyl hydroperoxide (tbHP, 20μm) over a 60-day period after which animals were sacrificed. Epididymal sperm motility, concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and enzymes were measured. Sperm concentration, motility, superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentration, glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) activities were significantly lower, while dichlorofluorescein (DCF) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were higher in sperm of hydroperoxide-treated animals compared to controls (P<0.05). DCF and MDA levels were significantly lower, while SOD, CAT and GSH were significantly higher in the sperm of rats supplemented with RPO in combination with hydroperoxide treatment when compared to those receiving hydroperoxide and no RPO supplementation (P<0.05). Moreover, the DCF, SOD, CAT and GSH levels in the RPO hydroperoxide groups did not differ from control values (P>0.05). RPO supplementation can successfully attenuate the oxidative stress-induced sperm damage due to organic hydroperoxide exposure. We therefore propose that a daily intake of RPO supplement to the diet might be helpful in protecting males against the adverse effects of high ROS in sperm function and help preserve fertility. © 2011 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
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    Can lifestyle factors of diabetes mellitus patients affect their fertility?
    (InTech, 2013) Aboua, Y. G.; Oguntibeju, O. O.; Du Plessis, S. S.
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    An investigation of excess residual cytoplasm in human spermatozoa and its distinction from the cytoplasmic droplet
    (BioMed Cenral, 2012-11-17) Rengan, A. K.; Agarwal, A.; Van der Linde, M.; Du Plessis, S. S.
    Recent studies have shown cytoplasmic droplets to be normal morphological occurrences in human male spermatozoa. When the cytoplasm around the sperm midpiece is present in large amounts, however, pathological effects may transpire. The cytoplasmic droplet then becomes known as excess residual cytoplasm, which can impair overall sperm function and produce higher levels of reactive oxygen species, potentially leading to male infertility. Though the distinction between cytoplasmic droplets and excess residual cytoplasm has been made, some studies fail to recognize the difference and incorrectly label the latter as a cytoplasmic droplet. This review attempts to clarify excess residual cytoplasm’s effect on fertility, examine the enzymes responsible, and suggest tests and possible treatment options for those affected by this defect.