Masters Degrees (Epidemiology and Biostatistics)

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Browsing Masters Degrees (Epidemiology and Biostatistics) by Author "Dambi, Jermaine Matewu"

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    Translation and validation of the Shona version of the exercise benefits and barriers scale in Zimbabwean adult people living with HIV/AIDS : a cross-sectional study
    (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2023-03) Dambi, Jermaine Matewu; Esterhuizen, Tonya; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Global Health. Epidemiology and Biostatistics.
    ENGLISH SUMMARY: Objectives: Despite the widely known benefits of physical activity (PA), only 25% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) meet the WHO-recommended minimum PA levels. With the need to promote PA, there is a need to objectively measure PA, including understanding context-specific barriers, facilitators, and general awareness of the importance of PA. This study aimed to translate and validate the Shona version of the Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale (EBBS) in Zimbabwean PLHIV. Design: cross-sectional study. Setting: Four (4/9) randomly selected polyclinics (primary healthcare facilities) in urban Harare, Zimbabwe. Participants: We recruited adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with a confirmed diagnosis of HIV. Participants had to be willing to provide informed consent, not acutely unwell and requiring emergency treatment, and proficient in the Shona language. Interventions: We used a forward-backwards translation method to translate the EBBS from English to Shona, a Zimbabwean native language. The alpha EBBS-Shona version was pilot tested on 10 PLHIV to assess the face validity, understandability and cultural appropriateness using semi-structured interviews. Thereafter, the EBBS was administered to 567 consecutively selected PLHIV. Results: Most participants were female (72.5%) and self-reported having secondary/high school education (78.8%), with a mean age of 39.9 (SD 12.1) years. The EBBS-Shona version yielded a four factor solution consisting of three benefits factors and one barrier factor against the originally postulated six-factor structure. The EBBS-Shona yielded α=0.85 and intraclass correlation coefficient= 0.86, demonstrating excellent reliability. Increased perception of exercise benefits was positively correlated with increased reports of physical activity, higher health-related quality of life and lower psychiatric morbidity; evidence for construct validity. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the validity and reliability of the EBBS-Shona version in Zimbabwean PLHIV. The EBBS-Shona version can be used for research and clinical purposes to glean data to inform the development, implementation, and evaluation of bespoke PA interventions for PLHIV. Strengths and limitations of this study: • Application of a robust translation and adaption methodology • Utilisation of both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis for structural validation • Recruitment of a large sample size • Electronic data collection negating missing responses • Non-random, facility-based recruitment of study participants