Masters Degrees (Emergency Medicine)
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Browsing Masters Degrees (Emergency Medicine) by browse.metadata.advisor "Lamprecht, Hein"
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- ItemA description of the knowledge and attitudes towards bystander CPR amongst participants in a community outreach initiative in Cape Town(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2020-12) Zaayman, Heinri; Lamprecht, Hein; Saunders, Colleen; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Family and Emergency Medicine. Emergency Medicine.ENGLISH SUMMARY : Introduction: Mortality rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest can be reduced by early CPR. A better understanding of the factors that prevent or encourage bystander CPR will assist in tailoring CPR training by community organisations to meet the needs of the communities they serve. The aim of this study was, therefore, to describe the basic CPR knowledge and attitudes towards performing out-of-hospital CPR of laypersons who volunteer for Sisaphila community based CPR courses in Cape Town, South Africa. Methods: Paper-based surveys were distributed at bystander CPR training events, prior to participants receiving free CPR training. Data captured included participant demographics, indications of prior CPR training, basic knowledge of CPR theory and their attitude towards compression-only versus conventional (mouth-to-mouth) CPR. Results: Fifty one surveys were completed and captured. Ninety percent of participants were female, and 31% had previously received CPR training. Participants had a low level of baseline CPR knowledge, with only 20% of the participants able to correctly answer 3 out 5 basic questions about CPR. Participants were hesitant to perform CPR including mouth-to-mouth resuscitation on anybody other than a relative, but over a third (36%) were more willing to perform CPR on a family member, 58% were more willing to perform CPR on a friend or colleague, and 66% were more willing to perform CPR on a stranger if compression-only CPR was an option. Conclusion: We found that South African laypersons have a low level of baseline knowledge of CPR and that they were more willing to perform CPR if hands-only CPR was an option over traditional CPR including mouth-to-mouth breathing, similar to International trends. Our study also indicates that there is a need to regularly retrain those individuals that have had prior CPR training. These findings can assist community based CPR training programmes in their curricular development.
- ItemThe State of Point of Care Ultrasound Certification in South Africa. Why are so Few Providers Completing the Certification Process(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014-12) Lemke, Franz Gustav; Lamprecht, Hein; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Family and Emergency Medicine. Emergency Medicine.ENGLISH SUMMARY : Introduction: Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) is widely used in clinical practice. Although relatively new to South Africa, the POCUS introductory course received wide interest with many clinicians attending. However, many clinicians are failing to complete the requirements to become certified POCUS providers. The study’s aim was to identify the outcomes of clinicians entering the training program via the introductory course and the obstacles they faced in achieving POCUS provider certification. Methods: The Cape Town faculty kept an electronic database of all clinicians who attended their introductory course since inception in 2007. After mining the database, an electronic cross sectional survey was emailed to all clinicians who attended the introductory POCUS courses in Cape Town. This group represents more than half of the national total. The questionnaire polled clinicians regarding obstacles faced in their effort to obtain certification. Outcomes were compared between the certified and noncertified groups. Results: A total of 90 out of 218 (41, 3 %) course attendees completed the questionnaire of which 23/43 (53%) represented the certified group and 63/175 (36 %) the non-certified group. Four incomplete surveys were excluded (n = 86). The most common obstacle identified by the certified group, 15/23 (62.5 %), was scarcity of pathology (positive scan findings) resulting in difficulty gathering prerequisite scans. Time constraints were identified as both the most common 49/63 (77.8 %) and the top rated obstacle 27/63 (42.9 %) by the non-certified group and the top obstacle by the certified group, 9/23 (39.1 %). Of the non-certified respondents, 44 (69.8 %) still aim to complete the certification process. However, 33/63 (52.4 %) of non-certified providers utilise POCUS more than three times a week in their clinical practice. Conclusion: The majority of non-certified clinicians wish to complete the certification process. Both groups identified time constraints and limited access to scans with pathology as their largest obstacles.
- ItemA survey to determine self-reported confidence amongst emergency centre nurses in initiating bls across emergency centres in Cape Town(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013-12) Maharaj, Suvarna; Lamprecht, Hein; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Family and Emergency Medicine. Emergency Medicine.ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background: In any Emergency Centre (EC), the response to a cardiac arrest is regarded as the most time critical intervention. The first responders are usually EC nurses who need to initiate basic life support (BLS) without the presence of a doctor. EC nurses should (by the nature of their environment) be the most confident and competent providing this essential skill compared to other nursing personnel. This study aimed to determine how confident Cape Town EC nurses are, to initiate BLS and which factors influenced their performance. Methodology: A CROSS-SECTIONAL survey was conducted using an anonymous questionnaire amongst 300 nurses, working in emergency centres, in both public (low resourced) and private (high resourced) hospitals, in Cape Town. Results: 279 out of 300 questionnaires were completed. Questions, using a Lickertscale, were asked regarding self-assessed confidence in recognising a cardiac arrest, managing an airway and initiating cardio respiratory resuscitation (CPR). A score of 8 and above, out of 10, was assessed as “very confident”. A total of 61% respondents scored 8 and above regarding recognising a cardiac arrest. For managing an airway, 59% scored 8 and above whilst 67% scored 8 and above regarding the initiation of CPR. A comparison of self-confidence between private versus public hospital nurses was also evaluated. Conclusion: Emergency Centre nurses are not confident to initiate BLS, especially in public hospitals within the Cape Town metropole. Further research is needed to objectively evaluate EC nursing’s BLS skills and whether regular BLS training will improve their future confidence.
- ItemWork stress in two health systems : an international survey(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-12) De Haan, Sebastian Hein Scott-Waring; Lamprecht, Hein; Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences. Dept. of Family and Emergency Medicine. Emergency Medicine.ENGLISH SUMMARY : Introduction: High levels of occupational stress can cause health and performance issues within the specialty of emergency medicine (EM). These issues can lead to increased burnout and attrition from the profession. We examined workplace stress experiences for both trainees and certified EM specialists in settings where the specialty of EM is new (South Africa) and better established (Canada). Methods: An online cross-sectional survey of EM trainees and physicians in both countries was conducted using the validated Management Standards Indicator Tool (MSIT, Health and Safety Executive, UK). A 35-item questionnaire where each item was weighted on a five-point Lickert scale was sent that assesses six key domains of work related stress with lower scores indicative of higher stressors. Comparisons were made using means and 95% confidence intervals. Results: There were 89 South African, and 515 Canadian respondents. In Canada, specialists (n=396) had significantly higher Demands (2.6 (95%CI 2.6-2.7) vs. 3.0 (2.8-3.1)) and Manager Support stressors (3.3 (3.3-3.4) vs. 3.9 (3.6-4.0)) than trainees (n=36). Canadian trainees reported higher Role stressors (4.0 (3.9-4.1) vs. 4.2 (4.2-4.3)). In South Africa, trainees (n=39) had higher stressors than specialists (n=36) on Demands (2.2 (2.1-2.3) vs. 2.7 (2.5-2.8)), Control (2.6 (2.4-2.7) vs. 3.5 (3.3-3.7)), Role (3.6 (3.4-3.7) vs. 4.0 (3.7-4.3)) and Change (2.4 (2.2-2.6) vs. 3.0 (2.7-3.3)). South African trainees had significantly higher stressors on all domains than Canadian trainees. While South African specialists had lower Control stressors than Canadian counterparts, they had higher Peer Support and Relationship stressors. Conclusions: Risk factors for work-related stress are higher in all domains among South African EM trainees compared with Canadian trainees, and differ from South African EM specialists. Canadian EM trainees reported a lack of role clarity. Canadian specialists had lower work control, but better peer support and work relationships than SA specialists. We hope to further our research by identifying targeted interventions to help reduce or manage these disparities.