Maternal post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and alcohol dependence and child behaviour outcomes in mother–child dyads infected with HIV : a longitudinal study

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dc.contributor.authorNöthling, Jani
dc.contributor.authorMartin, Cherie L.
dc.contributor.authorLaughton, Barbara
dc.contributor.authorCotton, Mark F.
dc.contributor.authorSeedat, Soraya
dc.date.accessioned2014-02-07T13:02:15Z
dc.date.available2014-02-07T13:02:15Z
dc.date.issued2013-12
dc.descriptionPublication of this article was funded by the Stellenbosch University Open Access Fund.en_ZA
dc.descriptionThe original publication is available at http://bmjopen.bmj.com/en_ZA
dc.description.abstractObjectives: HIV and psychiatric disorders are prevalent and often concurrent. Childbearing women are at an increased risk for both HIV and psychiatric disorders, specifically depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Poor mental health in the peripartum period has adverse effects on infant development and behaviour. Few studies have investigated the relationship between maternal PTSD and child behaviour outcomes in an HIV vertically infected sample. The aim of this study was to investigate whether maternal postpartum trauma exposure and PTSD were risk factors for child behaviour problems. In addition, maternal depression, alcohol abuse and functional disability were explored as cofactors. Setting: The study was conducted in Cape Town, South Africa. Participants: 70 mother–child dyads infected with HIV were selected from a group of participants recruited from community health centres. Design: The study followed a longitudinal design. Five measures were used to assess maternal trauma exposure, PTSD, depression, alcohol abuse and functional disability at 12 months postpartum: Life Events Checklist (LEC), Harvard Trauma Scale (HTS), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CESD) Scale and the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). Child behaviour was assessed at 42 months with the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). Results: The rate of maternal disorder was high with 50% scoring above the cut-off for depression, 22.9% for PTSD and 7% for alcohol abuse. Half of the children scored within the clinical range for problematic behaviour. Children of mothers with depression were significantly more likely to display total behaviour problems than children of mothers without depression. Maternal PTSD had the greatest explanatory power for child behaviour problems, although it did not significantly predict child outcomes. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of identifying and managing maternal PTSD and depression in mothers of children infected with HIV. The relationship between maternal PTSD and child behaviour warrants further investigation.en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipStellenbosch Universityen_ZA
dc.description.versionPublishers' versionen_ZA
dc.format.extent11 p.
dc.identifier.citationNöthling, J. et al. 2013. Maternal post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and alcohol dependence and child behaviour outcomes in mother–child dyads infected with HIV: a longitudinal study. BMJ Open, 3:e003638, doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003638.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn2044-6055 (print)
dc.identifier.issn2044-6055 (online)
dc.identifier.otherdoi:10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003638
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86126
dc.language.isoen_ZAen_ZA
dc.publisherBMJ Publishing Groupen_ZA
dc.rights.holderAuthors retain copyrighten_ZA
dc.subjectPost-traumatic stress disorderen_ZA
dc.subjectHIV-positive women -- Psychologyen_ZA
dc.subjectPregnant women -- Psychologyen_ZA
dc.subjectBehavior disorders in children -- Forecastingen_ZA
dc.subjectMother and childen_ZA
dc.titleMaternal post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and alcohol dependence and child behaviour outcomes in mother–child dyads infected with HIV : a longitudinal studyen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA
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