Beleidsdinamika-analise van omgewingsbesoedelingsbeleid in die Wes-Kaap
Date
1994-11
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Omgewingsbesoedeling, verwysende na lugbesoedeling, waterbesoedeling en
afvalbesoedeling in die Wes-Kaap, is grootliks die gevolg van menslike aksies.
Sedert die koms van Jan van Riebeeck in 1652, maar veral na die tweede helfte van
die twintigste eeu, is verskeie pogings aangewend om omgewingsbesoedeling met
behulp van beleidsmaatreels te beheer ten einde te voorkom dat omgewingsbesoedeling hinderlik of skadelik vir menslike gesondheid sal wees. As agtergrond tot hierdie studie is 'n omgewingsbesoedelingsprofiel vir die tydperk 1960 tot 1990 van die Wes-Kaap saamgestel. Ter aanvulling word 'n teorestiese beskrywing van beleidsanalise en spesifiek die beleidsdinamikamodel en die invloed wat die algemene en spesifieke omgewingsfaktore op organisasies het, is die beleidsveranderinge wat omgewingsbesoedelingsbeleid ondergaan het, ontleed. Sodoende is die dinamika van omgewingsbesoedlingsbeleid in die Wes-Kaap getoets.
Aanvanklik is die vernaamste beleidsvoorskrifte teen omgewingsbesoedeling in die Volkzgesondheidswet, 36 van 1919, aangetref. GEdurende die tweede helfte van die twintigste eeu het hierdie situasie drasties verander. Om te verseker dat daar meer doeltreffend teen omgewingsbesoedeling opgetree word het beleidsverdeling van bestaande beleid plaasgevind. Van die vernaamste beleidsverdelings het op sentrale owerheidsvlak voorgekom as gevolg van die totsandkoming van die Waterwet 54 van 1956, die Wet op die Voorkoming van Lugbesoedeling, 45 van 1965, en die Wet op Omgewingsbewaring, 100 van 1982.
Binne plaaslike owerheidsverband en spesifiek die Munisipaliteit van Kaapstad bly dit dat die prosesbenadering en die invloed van algemene en spesifieke omgewingsfaktore op organisasies beleidsverdeling, beleidsopvolging, beleidsinstandhouding en beleidsbeƫindiging tot gevolg gehad het. Die navorsingstudie lei tot die gevolgtrekking dat omgewingsbesoedeling, en veral lugbesoedeling en waterbesoedling, tot 'n groot mate deur die voorgenoemde beileidsmatreƫls beheer en voorkom word.
ENGLISH SUMMARY : Environmental pollution (referring to air pollution, water pollution and waste pollution) in the Western Cape is mainly caused by human activities. Since the arrival of Jan van Riebeeck in 1652, but especially during the second half of the twentieth century, numerous attempts were made to control and prevent environmental pollution with the aid of policy measures to ensure that it will not be offensive or dangerous to human health. As background to this study an environmental pollution profile for the period 1960-1990 has been compiled for the Western Cape. In addition to the aforesaid a theoretical description of policy analysis and specifically of the policy dynamic model was made. With the aid of the policy dynamic model's process approach and the influence of the general and specific environmental pollution has been analysed. in doing this the dynamic nature of environmental pollution has been tested for the Western Cape. Initially the most important policy prescription against environmental pollution were found in the Health Act, 36 of 1919. During the second half of the twentieth century things changed drastically. To ensure more effective measures against environmental pollution there was a split in the existing policy. Some of the most important policy splits in the central government occurred because of the promulgation of the Water Act, 54 of 1956, the Air Pollution Prevention Act, 45 of 1965, and the Environmental Conservation Act, 100 of 1982. Within the local authorities and specifically the Municipality of Cape Town it appears that the process approach and the influence of general and specific environmental factors on organizations caused policy splits, policy succession, policy maintenance and policy determination. From the research in this study it is conclusive that environmental pollution and especially air pollution and water pollution are being prevented and controlled by the aforesaid policy measures.
ENGLISH SUMMARY : Environmental pollution (referring to air pollution, water pollution and waste pollution) in the Western Cape is mainly caused by human activities. Since the arrival of Jan van Riebeeck in 1652, but especially during the second half of the twentieth century, numerous attempts were made to control and prevent environmental pollution with the aid of policy measures to ensure that it will not be offensive or dangerous to human health. As background to this study an environmental pollution profile for the period 1960-1990 has been compiled for the Western Cape. In addition to the aforesaid a theoretical description of policy analysis and specifically of the policy dynamic model was made. With the aid of the policy dynamic model's process approach and the influence of the general and specific environmental pollution has been analysed. in doing this the dynamic nature of environmental pollution has been tested for the Western Cape. Initially the most important policy prescription against environmental pollution were found in the Health Act, 36 of 1919. During the second half of the twentieth century things changed drastically. To ensure more effective measures against environmental pollution there was a split in the existing policy. Some of the most important policy splits in the central government occurred because of the promulgation of the Water Act, 54 of 1956, the Air Pollution Prevention Act, 45 of 1965, and the Environmental Conservation Act, 100 of 1982. Within the local authorities and specifically the Municipality of Cape Town it appears that the process approach and the influence of general and specific environmental factors on organizations caused policy splits, policy succession, policy maintenance and policy determination. From the research in this study it is conclusive that environmental pollution and especially air pollution and water pollution are being prevented and controlled by the aforesaid policy measures.
Description
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 1994.
Keywords
Pollution -- Western Cape (South Africa), Refuse and refuse disposal -- Western Cape (South Africa), Air -- Pollution -- Western Cape (South Africa), Water -- Pollution -- Western Cape (South Africa), Pollution -- Government policy -- Western Cape (South Africa), Stellenbosch University. School of Public Leadership -- Dissertations, Academic, UCTD