Magnetic resonance imaging of miliary tuberculosis of the central nervous system in children with tuberculous meningitis

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dc.contributor.authorJanse Van Rensburg P.
dc.contributor.authorAndronikou S.
dc.contributor.authorVan Toorn R.
dc.contributor.authorPienaar M.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T16:05:16Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T16:05:16Z
dc.date.issued2008
dc.description.abstractBackground: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is closely associated with miliary tuberculosis and a pathogenetic relationship is suspected, although it has been proposed that the two processes are unrelated. Objective: To describe miliary tuberculosis of the central nervous system (CNS) on MRI in children with TBM. Materials and methods: A retrospective descriptive study of 32 paediatric TBM patients referred for MRI. The presence of miliary nodules in the CNS was recorded. Lesions were categorized according to their distribution, enhancement pattern, size and signal characteristics. Results: A miliary distribution of nodules was present in 88% of patients. All patients with a miliary distribution had leptomeningeal nodules and 18% of these patients had deep parenchymal nodules in addition. At least one tuberculoma with central T2 hypointensity was identified in 39% of patients. Conclusion: The high prevalence of miliary leptomeningeal nodules in the CNS of children with TBM is significant because it points to a pathogenetic relationship that has long been suspected on epidemiological grounds. Our findings challenge the concept that miliary tuberculosis is only an incidental finding in TBM patients and suggest that it plays an integral part in the pathogenesis. © 2008 Springer-Verlag.
dc.description.versionArticle
dc.identifier.citationPediatric Radiology
dc.identifier.citation38
dc.identifier.citation12
dc.identifier.issn3010449
dc.identifier.other10.1007/s00247-008-1028-1
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/13054
dc.subjectadolescent
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectbacterium culture
dc.subjectcentral nervous system
dc.subjectcentral nervous system disease
dc.subjectcentral nervous system miliary tuberculosis
dc.subjectcerebrospinal fluid culture
dc.subjectchild
dc.subjectfemale
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjectinfant
dc.subjectintracranial tuberculoma
dc.subjectmale
dc.subjectmeningocele
dc.subjectmicroscopy
dc.subjectnuclear magnetic resonance imaging
dc.subjectpathogenesis
dc.subjectprevalence
dc.subjectpriority journal
dc.subjectretrospective study
dc.subjecttuberculous meningitis
dc.subjectAdolescent
dc.subjectBrain
dc.subjectCentral Nervous System
dc.subjectChild
dc.subjectChild, Preschool
dc.subjectComorbidity
dc.subjectContrast Media
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectGadolinium DTPA
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectImage Enhancement
dc.subjectInfant
dc.subjectMagnetic Resonance Imaging
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectObserver Variation
dc.subjectPrevalence
dc.subjectRetrospective Studies
dc.subjectTuberculosis, Meningeal
dc.subjectTuberculosis, Miliary
dc.titleMagnetic resonance imaging of miliary tuberculosis of the central nervous system in children with tuberculous meningitis
dc.typeArticle
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