Culture-positive tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus type 1- infected children

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorSchaaf H.S.
dc.contributor.authorGeldenduys A.
dc.contributor.authorGie R.P.
dc.contributor.authorCotton M.F.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T16:17:39Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T16:17:39Z
dc.date.issued1998
dc.description.abstractBackground. Adults infected by HIV have increased susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and progress more rapidly to disease. HIV and tuberculosis (TB) coinfection in children has been reported but often lacks bacterial confirmation. We report on the clinical picture, special investigations, clinical course and outcome of 14 children with HIV infection and culture-confirmed TB from a developing country. Methods. The clinical records of all children, from 1992 to 1997, with HIV infection and culture- proved TB were reviewed. Results. Fourteen (10.4%) of 135 children with vertically transmitted HIV infection, 93% <2 years of age, fit the criteria. Nonresolving pneumonia (4) and otorrhoea (6) were common complaints. A Mantoux test was positive (≤15 mm) in 6 of 11 children. Extrapulmonary TB was present in 5 cases. Ear swabs were the source of M. tuberculosis culture in 3. Chest radiographs were abnormal in all with hilar and paratracheal lymphadenopathy present in 7. A source case with pulmonary TB was identified for 10. Susceptibility tests were done on 9 strains of which 1 was drug- resistant. Four children were culture-positive 4 to 10 months after initiation of TB treatment. Mortality was 21% and 3 were lost to follow-up. Conclusions. In HIV-infected children the Mantoux skin test remains useful and culture specimens should be obtained from all sources. Response to treatment is unpredictable, and for this reason repeated cultures should be taken during treatment and a 9-month course of treatment considered.
dc.description.versionArticle
dc.identifier.citationPediatric Infectious Disease Journal
dc.identifier.citation17
dc.identifier.citation7
dc.identifier.issn08913668
dc.identifier.other10.1097/00006454-199807000-00005
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/14309
dc.subjectethambutol
dc.subjectisoniazid
dc.subjectofloxacin
dc.subjectpyrazinamide
dc.subjectrifampicin
dc.subjectstreptomycin
dc.subjectadolescent
dc.subjectadult
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectbacterium culture
dc.subjectbacterium identification
dc.subjectchild
dc.subjectclinical article
dc.subjectdisease association
dc.subjectfemale
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjecthuman immunodeficiency virus infection
dc.subjectmale
dc.subjectmultidrug resistance
dc.subjectmycobacterium tuberculosis
dc.subjectplacental transfer
dc.subjectpriority journal
dc.subjecttuberculin test
dc.subjecttuberculosis
dc.subjectvirus transmission
dc.subjectAntitubercular Agents
dc.subjectDeveloping Countries
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectHIV Infections
dc.subjectHIV-1
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectInfant
dc.subjectInfant, Newborn
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectMycobacterium tuberculosis
dc.subjectRetrospective Studies
dc.subjectTuberculin Test
dc.subjectTuberculosis
dc.titleCulture-positive tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus type 1- infected children
dc.typeArticle
Files
Collections
Stellenbosch University - Scopus Tygerberg Hospital Publications