Die bestuur van diversiteit in die Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens

Date
2002-12
Authors
Fourie, Marius (Mattheus Hermanus Wessels)
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Organisation development is an emerging behavioural science discipline. Its goals are to make organisations more effective and to develop individual potential. For this reason organisation development provides a set of methodologies to bring about organisational change and improvement systematically. The techniques introduced by organisation development adhere to a set frame of values. This research proposes that organisation development, as an evolving discipline, can depend on the management of diversity as a tool for change under certain conditions. Organisations are faced with the problem of surviving a fiercely competitive world. This they have to do with a workforce that is becoming increasingly diverse. Diversity as highlighted in this study, is a complex phenomenon. It does not entail only race and ethnicity as is sometimes believed, but also incorporates aspects like cultural differences and individual preferences. The traditional view of diversity has been assimilation, where race and other differences were standardised in a type of melting pot. In real life groups want to retain their individuality and this is being increased by today's non-hierarchical, collaborate and flexible management styles. The challenge is therefore to acknowledge differences and then to get the same and even more productivity from a diverse workforce as had been the case with the homogeneous workforce. This must be done without artificial programmes, standards or barriers. The limited data strongly suggest that efforts to manage diversity, as undertaken by leading organisations, have been fairly successful in improving performance regarding productivity, absenteeism and turnover. If diversity is ignored or improperly managed, it could become a detractor from performance. On the other hand, if diversity is managed well, organisations will be able to make diversity an asset to performance. This research shows that the management of diversity can and should be used to change organisation culture and to promote satisfactory performance. In this regard the monoculture of the South African Police Services is described as an example of an organisation culture that hampers the personal growth of its members and thus leads to ineffectiveness. This study identifies the main characteristics of the so-called police culture that prevents the organisations performance from being effective. It does so in the light of recent quantitative and qualitative research. Out of this a framework is developed that can be used to implement the management of diversity. The study also proposes proposals to utilise the management of diversity as an organisational development technique. For this purpose a measurement instrument is developed. The dissertation concludes with an exposition of strategies that the South African Police Service can implement on individual, group and organisation level, to manage diversity effectively.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Organisasie-ontwikkeling, 'n ontluikende gedragswetenskaplike dissipline, het as doelwit die verhoging van organisasies se effektiwiteit en die ontwikkeling van individue se potensiaal. Om dié rede maak organisasie-ontwikkeling voorsiening vir 'n stel metodologieë gerig op die stelselmatige teweegbring van organisatoriese verandering en verbetering. Die tegnieke wat deur organisasie-ontwikkeling toegepas word, is op 'n vaste waardestelsel gefundeer. Hierdie navorsing doen aan die hand dat organisasie-ontwikkeling, as 'n jong dissipline, onder sekere omstandighede kan reken op die bestuur van diversiteit as 'n instrument vir verandering. Organisasies kom te staan voor die probleem van oorlewing in 'n hoogs mededingende wêreld en kan dit slegs aandurf met die beskikbare menslike hulpbronne van 'n toenemend diverse aard. Diversiteit, soos in hierdie studie toegelig, is 'n komplekse verskynsel wat nie slegs, soos dikwels aanvaar, ras en etnisiteit behels nie, maar ook aspekte soos kulturele verskille en individuele voorkeure insluit. Die tradisionele siening van diversiteit was een van assimilasie waar ras en ander verskille in 'n tipe smeltkroes gestandaardiseer is. In die werklike lewe wil groepe hul individualiteit behou, 'n beginsel wat bevorder word deur die hedendaagse nie-hiërargiese, samewerkende en buigsame bestuurstyle. Die uitdaging is dus om, met erkenning van die verskille, met die diverse arbeidsmag selfs hoër produktiwiteit te behaal as met 'n homogene arbeidsmag. Dit moet sonder kunsmatige programme, standaarde of hindernisse bewerkstellig word. Die beperkte data laat deurlopend blyk dat die diversiteitsbestuurspogings, soos deur vooraanstaande organisasies aangewend, in 'n mate geslaag het om verbeteringe in produktiwiteit, werksafwesigheid en arbeidsomset teweeg te bring. Indien geïgnoreer of swak bestuur, kan diversiteit nadelig op produktiwiteit inwerk, soos die teendeel ook waar is, naamlik dat diversiteit, wanneer goed bestuur, tot voordeel van produktiwiteit kan wees. Hierdie navorsing toon dat die bestuur van diversiteit kan en behoort gebruik te word om organisasiekultuur te verander en om bevredigende werkverrigting te bevorder. In hierdie verband word die monokultuur van die Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens beskryf as 'n voorbeeld van 'n organisasiekultuur wat die persoonlike groei van lede strem en so tot oneffektiwiteit aanleiding gee. Aan die hand van resente kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe navorsing identifiseer hierdie studie die hoofkenmerke van die sogenaamde polisiekultuur wat belemmerend inwerk op effektiewe werkverrigting. Hieruit word 'n raamwerk ontwikkel wat gebruik kan word vir die implementering van diversiteitsbestuur. Die studie doen ook voorstelle aan die hand om die bestuur van diversiteit as Organisasie-Ontwikkelingstegniek te optimaliseer. Vir die doeleindes word 'n meetinstument ontwikkel. Die proefskrif sluit af met 'n uiteensetting van strategieë wat die SA Polisiediens vir die effektiewe bestuur van diversiteit op individuele, groeps, organisasie en interorganisatoriese vlakke kan implementeer.
Description
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
Keywords
South African Police Service -- Management, Diversity in the workplace -- South Africa -- Management -- Case studies, Organizational change -- South Africa, Dissertations -- Public management and planning, Theses -- Public management and planning
Citation