Department of Psychiatry
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Recent Submissions
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A comparative analysis of pharmacists’ perspectives on codeine use and misuse – a three country survey
(BioMed Central, 2018-03-27)Background: The misuse of codeine is of increasing concern in a number of countries, particularly as this relates to over -the-counter pain and cough relief medication, and is also supplied as a prescription medicine. The ...
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Impact of district mental health care plans on symptom severity and functioning of patients with priority mental health conditions : the Programme for Improving Mental Health Care (PRIME) cohort protocol
(BioMed Central, 2018-03-06)Background: The Programme for Improving Mental Health Care (PRIME) sought to implement mental health care plans (MHCP) for four priority mental disorders (depression, alcohol use disorder, psychosis and epilepsy) into ...
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Brain structural and white matter changes in first-episode schizophrenia and their demographic, clinical and cognitive correlates
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2018-03)ENGLISH SUMMARY : In schizophrenia, decreased brain volume and altered cortical thinning (especially in the frontal and temporal areas), as well as white matter deficits are described at the first-episode. The relationship ...
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An examination of differences in psychological resilience between social anxiety disorder and posttraumaic stress disorder in the context of early childhood trauma
(Frontiers, 2017-12)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background: Much of the research on anxiety disorders has focused on associated risk factors with less attention paid to factors such as resilience that may mitigate risk or offer protection in the face ...
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Correction to : The impact of drug resistance on the risk of tuberculosis infection and disease in child household contacts : a cross sectional study
(BioMed Central, 2017-11-07)Correction: After publication of the original article [1] the authors noted that the following errors had occurred: The name of the author H. Simon Schaaf had been incorrectly tagged as Simon H. Schaaf. This has ...
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Developing the language of futility in psychiatry with care
(AOSIS Publishing, 2016)In psychiatric practice, treatment success is, in many instances, not an achievable goal. Psychiatrists may often not acknowledge treatment failure in their patients and seldom consider that patients may be in situations ...
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Methamphetamine-induced psychosis : clinical features, treatment modalities and outcomes
(AOSIS Publishing, 2016)Objective: To investigate the clinical features, prescribing patterns and outcomes of psychiatric inpatients admitted with methamphetamine-induced psychosis. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive pilot study was conducted ...
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Forensic mental health services: Current service provision and planning for a prison mental health service in the Eastern Cape
(AOSIS Publishing, 2016)Objectives: No research data exists on forensic psychiatric service provision in the Eastern Cape, Republic of South Africa. The objective of this research was to assess current forensic psychiatric service provision and ...
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Heavy alcohol use in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy : What responses are needed?
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2016)Background. Alcohol has a negative effect on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and HIV treatment outcomes. Method. As part of formative work for a project to test the efficacy of an alcohol-focused intervention to ...
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Private practice-driven research
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2016)ENGLISH SUMMARY : No abstract available.
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Impediments and catalysts to task-shifting psychotherapeutic interventions for adolescents with PTSD : perspectives of multi-stakeholders
(BioMed Central, 2017-09-22)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background: This qualitative study was nested within a randomized controlled trial (RCT) where two psychotherapeutic interventions (supportive counselling and prolonged exposure for adolescents) were ...
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Minimization of childhood maltreatment is common and consequential : results from a large, multinational sample using the childhood trauma questionnaire
(Public Library of Science, 2016)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Childhood maltreatment has diverse, lifelong impact on morbidity and mortality. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) is one of the most commonly used scales to assess and quantify these experiences ...
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Placebo controls in clinical trials : concerns about use in relapse prevention studies in schizophrenia
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2016)ENGLISH SUMMARY : The use of placebos in clinical trials has major policy implications for ethical conduct across all of medicine and is relevant to clinicians, patients, drug development, and regulatory agencies. This ...
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Addressing the intersection between alcohol consumption and antiretroviral treatment : needs assessment and design of interventions for primary healthcare workers, the Western Cape, South Africa
(BioMed Central, 2016)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background: At the points where an infectious disease and risk factors for poor health intersect, while health problems may be compounded, there is also an opportunity to provide health services. Where ...
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Epidemiology of major depressive disorder in South Africa (1997 – 2015): a systematic review protocol
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2016)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disease and disability globally and in South Africa. Epidemiological data for MDD are essential to estimate the overall disease burden ...
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Association between serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms and increased suicidal risk among HIV positive patients in Uganda
(BioMed Central, 2017-07-25)Background: Persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are at an increased risk of suicide. Increased suicidal risk is a predictor of future attempted and completed suicides and has been associated with poor quality of life and ...
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White matter microstructural integrity and neurobehavioral outcome of HIV-exposed uninfected neonates
(Wolters Kluwer Health, 2016-01)The successful implementation of prevention programs for mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission has dramatically reduced the prevalence of infants infected with HIV while increasing that of HIV-exposed ...
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Best practices and innovations for managing codeine misuse and dependence
(Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016-10-27)Purpose: Promoting and ensuring safe use of codeine containing medicines remains a public health issue given the rise in reporting of misuse and dependence particularly in countries where available over–the-counter (OTC). ...
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Cognitive changes in alcohol-induced psychotic disorder
(BioMed Central, 2017-04)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Aims: This study aimed to explore the neuro-cognitive deficits of alcohol-induced psychotic disorder as compared to the cognitive deficits of uncomplicated alcohol ependence. Methods: Participants were ...
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Factors moderating the relationship between childhood trauma and premorbid adjustment in first-episode schizophrenia
(Public Library of Science, 2017-01-20)Childhood trauma is a recognised risk factor for schizophrenia. It has been proposed that childhood trauma interferes with normal neurodevelopment, thereby establishing a biological vulnerability to schizophrenia. Poor ...
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Knowledge and attitude of postgraduate students in Kenya on ethics in mental health research
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2016-11)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background. Most people with mental illness live in developing countries, where a large proportion of these illnesses are undiagnosed and untreated. As effort is made to encourage mental health (MH) ...
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Mothers’ pupillary responses to infant facial expressions
(BioMed Central, 2017-02-06)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background: Human parental care relies heavily on the ability to monitor and respond to a child’s affective states. The current study examined pupil diameter as a potential physiological index of mothers’ ...
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Reducing substance use and sexual risk behaviour among men who have sex with men in South Africa
(Academy of Science of South Africa, 2016-09-28)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Men who have sex with men have been identified as a population at risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV. Studies in South Africa have reported a high prevalence of HIV, as well as high levels of alcohol ...
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Anxiety sensitivity in school attending youth : exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the 18-item CASI in a multicultural South African sample
(Frontiers, 2016-01-07)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Anxiety sensitivity (AS) is a risk factor for the development of anxiety disorders in youth. To date, the applicability of the Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index (CASI) in youth from a low or middle ...
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A cluster randomised controlled trial protocol of an adapted intervention for alcohol use disorders in people living with HIV and AIDS : impact on alcohol use, general functional ability, quality of life and adherence to HAART
(BioMed Central, 2017-01-28)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background: Interventions for alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in HIV infected individuals have been primarily targeted at HIV risk reduction and improved antiretroviral treatment adherence. However, reduction ...
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A pilot and feasibility randomised controlled study of prolonged exposure treatment and supportive counselling for post-traumatic stress disorder in adolescents : a third world, task-shifting, community-based sample
(BioMed Central, 2016-11-17)ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background: There is a dearth of empirical evidence on the effectiveness of pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments for adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in developing country ...
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Measuring the impact of HIV on the fronto-striatal system
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-12)ENGLISH SUMMARY : HIV infection remains a major contributor to the global health burden despite the introduction of effective prevention strategies and the effectiveness of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Of ...
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Establishing modified mental health assertive treatment programs in a developing country
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-12)ENGLISH SUMMARY : An increasing demand for acute inpatient beds has put pressure on psychiatric services in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. While this is not unusual compared to elsewhere in the world, this ...
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Cigarette smoking, nicotine dependence, and motivation to quit smoking in South African male psychiatric inpatients
(BioMed Central, 2016-11)Background: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide and the prevalence is particularly high among psychiatric patients but recent international studies demonstrated that psychiatric patients are able ...
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