Department of Psychiatry

Perceptions of alcohol use in the context of HIV treatment : a qualitative study

Madhombiro, Munyaradzi; Marimbe-Dube, Bazondlile; Dube, Michelle; Kaiyo-Utete, Malinda; Paradzai, Angeline; Chibanda, Dixon; Rusakaniko, Simbarashe; Van Der Watt, A. S. J.; Seedat, Soraya (Dove Medical Press, 2018)

Background: Alcohol use is associated with poor HIV treatment outcomes. This study aimed to understand patients’ perceptions of the impact of alcohol use in the context of HIV care. Methods: The study design was a descriptive ...

Prevalence and correlates of probable posttraumatic stress disorder and common mental disorders in a population with a high prevalence of HIV in Zimbabwe

Verhey, R.; Gibson, L.; Brakarsh, J.; Chibanda, D.; Seedat, S. (Taylor & Francis Open, 2018)

Background: We investigated the prevalence of and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and common mental disorders (CMDs), which include depression and anxiety disorders, in a setting with a ...

Application of data pooling to longitudinal studies of early post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) : the International Consortium to Predict PTSD (ICPP) project

Qi, Wei; Ratanatharathorn, Andrew; Gevonden, Martin; Bryant, Richard; Delahanty, Douglas; Matsuoka, Yutaka; Olff, Miranda; DeRoon-Cassini, Terri; Schnyder, Ulrich; Seedat, Soraya; Laska, Eugene; Kessler, Ronald C.; Koenen, Karestan; Shalev, Arieh (Taylor & Francis Open, 2018)

Background: Understanding the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a precondition for efficient risk assessment and prevention planning. Studies to date have been site and sample specific. Towards ...

The development of the visual screening tool for anxiety disorders and depression : addressing barriers to screening for depression and anxiety disorders in hypertension and/or diabetes

Ogle, Zimbini; Koen, Liezl; Niehaus, Dana J. H. (AOSIS, 2018-06)

Background: There is a lack of screening tools for common mental disorders that can be applied across cultures, languages and levels of education in people with diabetes and hypertension. Aim: To develop a visual screening ...

Illicit drug use and violence in acute psychosis among acute adult admissions at a South African psychiatric hospital

Wicomb, Robert; Jacobs, Lyndall; Ebrahim, Naasika; Rensburg, Megan; Macharia, Muiruri (AJPP, 2018)

Abstract : Background and objective: The prevalence of mental illness and illicit substance use has increased markedly in South Africa’s Western Cape Province, over the last 2 decades; potentially increasing demand for ...

The potential role of regulatory genes (DNMT3A, HDAC5, and HDAC9) in antipsychotic treatment response in South African schizophrenia patients

O’Connell, Kevin Sean; McGregor, Nathaniel Wade; Emsley, Robin; Seedat, Soraya; Warnich, Louise (Frontiers Media, 2019-10-07)

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Despite advances in pharmacogenetics, the majority of heritability for treatment response cannot be explained by common variation, suggesting that factors such as epigenetics may play a key role. Regulatory ...

Publication and non-publication of clinical trials in PTSD : an overview

Suliman, Sharain; Van Den Heuvel, Leigh; Suryapranata, Alexandra; Bisson, Jonathan I.; Seedat, Soraya (BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019-07-25)

Background: Although a large number of clinical trials on interventions demonstrating efficacy (or lack thereof) are conducted annually, much of this evidence is not accessible to scientists and clinicians. Objectives: ...

Agreement and discrepancy on emotional and behavioral problems between caregivers and HIV-infected children and adolescents from Uganda

Van den Heuvel, Leigh L.; Levin, Jonathan; Mpango, Richard S.; Gadow, Kenneth D.; Patel, Vikram; Nachega, Jean B.; Seedat, Soraya; Kinyanda, Eugene (Frontiers Media, 2019)

Background: HIV-infected children and adolescents (CA-HIV) face significant mental health challenges related to a broad range of biological and psychosocial factors. Data are scarce on the agreement and discrepancy between ...

Appetitive and reactive aggression are differentially associated with the STin2 genetic variant in the serotonin transporter gene

Hemmings, Sian Megan Joanna; Xulu, Khethelo; Sommer, Jessica; Hinsberger, Martina; Malan-Muller, Stefanie; Tromp, Gerard; Elbert, Thomas; Weierstall, Roland; Seedat, Soraya (Nature Research (part of Springer Nature), 2018-04)

Appetitive aggression is a sub-category of instrumental aggression, characterised by the primary intrinsic enjoyment of aggressive activity. Aggression is heritable, and serotonergic and monoaminergic neurotransmitter ...

The impact of a psychiatry clinical rotation on the attitude of South African final year medical students towards mental illness

De Witt, Caro; Smit, Inge; Jordaan, Esme; Koen, Liezl; Niehaus, Dana J. H.; Botha, Ulla (BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019-04-25)

Background: Stigmatising attitudes of health care professionals towards mental illness can impede treatment provided for psychiatric patients. Many studies have reported undergraduate training to be a critical period ...

Dietary intake, nutrition, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in the Western Cape Province of South Africa

May, Philip A.; Kari J. Hamrick, Kari J.; Corbin, Karen D.; Hasken, Julie; Marais, Anna-Susan; Brooke, Lesley E.; Blankenship, Jason; Hoyme, H. Eugene; Gossage, J. Phillip (Elsevier, 2014)

In this study, we describe the nutritional status of women from a South African community with very high rates of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Nutrient intake (24-2 hours recall) of mothers of children with ...

Codeine misuse and dependence in South Africa : perspectives of addiction treatment providers

Parry, C. D. H.; Rich, E.; Van Hout, M. C.; Deluca, P. (Health and Medical Publishing Group, 2017)

Background. General practitioners are referring patients with codeine-related problems to specialist treatment facilities, but little is known about the addiction treatment providers, the kinds of treatment they provide, ...

Health systems context(s) for integrating mental health into primary health care in six Emerald countries : a situation analysis

Mugisha, James; Abdulmalik, Jibril; Hanlon, Charlotte; Petersen, Inge; Lund, Crick; Upadhaya, Nawaraj; Ahuja, Shalini; Shidhaye, Rahul; Mntambo, Ntokozo; Alem, Atalay; Gureje, Oye; Kigozi, Fred (BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2017-01-05)

Background: Mental, neurological and substance use disorders contribute to a significant proportion of the world’s disease burden, including in low and middle income countries (LMICs). In this study, we focused on the ...

Harmful use of alcohol : a shadow over Sub-Saharan Africa in need of workable solutions

Ferreira-Borges, Carina; Parry, Charles D. H.; Babor, Thomas F. (MDPI, 2017)

Alcohol consumption and alcohol-attributable burden of disease in Africa are expected to rise in the near future, yet. increasing alcohol-related harm receives little attention from policymakers and from the population ...

Cognitive training in patients with Trichotillomania (Hair-pulling Disorder)

Louw, Derine (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2019-04)

ENGLISH SUMMARY : Background: Hair-pulling disorder (HPD), also known as trichotillomania, is a psychiatric condition characterized by recurrent pulling of hair, resulting in hair loss. Patients report repeated but ...

Cortisol levels in different tissue samples in posttraumatic stress disorder patients versus controls : a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Van den Heuvel, Leigh Luella; Wright, Simonne; Suliman, Sharain; Stalder, Tobias; Kirschbaum, Clemens; Seedat, Soraya (BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019-01-07)

Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disorder that develops following exposure to severely stressful events. Altered cortisol secretion has been reported in PTSD; however, results have been inconsistent ...

Adolescent and nurse perspectives of psychotherapeutic interventions for PTSD delivered through task-shifting in a low resource setting

Van de Water, Tanya; Rossouw, Jaco; Yadin, Elna; Seedat, Soraya (Public Library of Science, 2017)

Background: This investigation compared the perceived effectiveness of supportive counselling (SC) and prolonged exposure for adolescents (PE-A) by treatment users (adolescents with PTSD) and non-specialist treatment ...