Medical Virology
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Collaborative update of a rule-based expert system for HIV-1 genotypic resistance test interpretation
(Public Library of Science, 2017-07-28)Introduction: HIV-1 genotypic resistance test (GRT) interpretation systems (IS) require updates as new studies on HIV-1 drug resistance are published and as treatment guidelines evolve. Methods: An expert panel was ... -
Hepatitis B virus infection as a neglected tropical disease
(Public Library of Science, 2017-10-05)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Global Hepatitis Health Sector Strategy is aiming for “elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health threat” by 2030 [1], while enhanced elimination efforts for hepatitis are also promoted under ... -
Barriers to HIV remission research in low- and middle-income countries
(Wiley Open Access, 2017)Introduction: HIV eradication and remission research has largely taken place in high-income countries. In low- and middleincome countries (LMIC), there may be factors that have a substantial impact on the size of the ... -
Observed HIV drug resistance associated mutations amongst naïve immunocompetent children in Yaounde, Cameroon
(European HIV/AIDS and Infectious Diseases Academy, 2017)Introduction: The emergence of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) has been a major threat for successful lifelong combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), especially for HIV-vertically infected children within the context ... -
Mutational correlates of virological failure in individuals receiving a WHO-recommended tenofovir-containing first-line regimen : an international collaboration
(Elsevier, 2017)Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) genotypic resistance defined by K65R/N and/or K70E/Q/G occurs in 20% to 60% of individuals with virological failure (VF) on a WHO-recommended TDF-containing first-line regimen. However, ... -
HBV and HIV viral load but not microbial translocation or immune activation are associated with liver fibrosis among patients in South Africa
(BioMed Central, 2018-05-08)Background: Co-infection with HIV negatively impacts the progression of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, including causing rapid progression to liver fibrosis. Sub-Saharan Africa represents arguably the most ... -
Analyses of HIV-1 integrase sequences prior to South African national HIV-treatment program and availability of integrase inhibitors in Cape Town, South Africa
(Nature Publishing Group, 2018)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: HIV-Integrase (IN) has proven to be a viable target for highly specific HIV-1 therapy. We aimed to characterize the HIV-1 IN gene in a South African context and identify resistance-associated mutations ... -
Profiling Enterovirus and Parvovirus B19 in sudden and unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) at the Tygerberg Medico-legal Mortuary and the role of myocarditis as a possible cause of death
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2018-03)ENGLISH SUMMARY: Background: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) remains one of the leading causes of death among infants. The Triple-Risk Model has contributed to identifying modifiable risk factors that may lead to a ... -
Respiratory infections and immune biomarkers of infection and inflammation in cases of Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy (SUDI) at the Tygerberg Medico-legal Mortuary
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2018-03)ENGLISH SUMMARY: infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the leading cause of infant death in the post-neonatal stage in developing and developed countries. A diagnosis of SIDS is made after medico-legal investigations fail to ... -
HIV evolution and diversity in ART-treated patients
(BioMed Central, 2018-01-30)Characterizing HIV genetic diversity and evolution during antiretroviral therapy (ART) provides insights into the mechanisms that maintain the viral reservoir during ART. This review describes common methods used to obtain ... -
Clinical relevance of total HIV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell compartments as a biomarker of HIV-associated neurocognitive
(MDPI, 2017-10-31)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The pathogenesis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders is complex and multifactorial. It is hypothesized that the critical events initiating this condition occur outside the brain, particularly in ... -
HIV-1 molecular diversity and drug resistance mutations amongst immuno-competent, therapy naïve infants/children and adults in Yaounde, Cameroon
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-12)Background: In Cameroon, HIV infections range between 550, 000 to 690, 000 for adults aged 15 to 49 years and a prevalence rate at 4.5%. In children of 0 – 14 years, HIV infections range between 34, 000 to 44, 000. The ... -
The diversity of coronaviruses in Southern African bat populations
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Coronaviruses are RNA viruses encompassing four genera. The alpha- and betacoronaviruses have commonly been associated with mild disease in humans. However, outbreaks of severe respiratory disease in ... -
Recommendations for the management of indeterminate HIV PCR results within South Africa’s early infant diagnosis programme
(AOSIS Publishing, 2016-05-13)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Indeterminate HIV PCR results represent missed diagnostic opportunities within South Africa's early infant diagnosis (EID) programme. These results not only delay diagnosis and appropriate management but ... -
Prevalence and risk factors of acute respiratory infection by human respiratory syncytial virus in children at Provincial General Hospital of Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT : Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) is the major cause of acute respiratory infection in children (ARI) and it is responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality, especially in younger children. ... -
Biomedical research and capacity building : bilateral collaboration between research institutes in South Africa and Cameroon
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2016)No abstract available -
Deciphering multiplicity of HIV-1C infection : transmission of closely related multiple viral lineages
(Public Library of Science, 2016-11-28)Background: A single viral variant is transmitted in the majority of HIV infections. However, about 20% of heterosexually transmitted HIV infections are caused by multiple viral variants. Detection of transmitted HIV ... -
Moderate levels of pre-treatment HIV-1 antiretroviral drug resistance detected in the first South African national survey
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Background: In order to assess the level of transmitted and/or pre-treatment antiretroviral drug resistance to HIV-1, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that regular surveys are conducted. This study’s objective ... -
Analysis of viral diversity in relation to the recency of HIV-1C infection in Botswana
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Background: Cross-sectional, biomarker methods to determine HIV infection recency present a promising and cost-effective alternative to the repeated testing of uninfected individuals. We evaluate a viral-based assay ... -
Effects of prednisolone on disease progression in antiretroviral-untreated HIV infection : a 2-year randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Background: HIV-disease progression correlates with immune activation. Here we investigated whether corticosteroid treatment can attenuate HIV disease progression in antiretroviral-untreated patients. Methods: Double-blind, ...
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