Medical Virology
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Testing the regulatory framework in South Africa – a single-blind randomized pilot trial of commercial probiotic supplementation to standard therapy in women with bacterial vaginosis
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-07-10)Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) increases HIV risk and adverse reproductive outcomes. Standard-of-care (SOC) for BV are antibiotics; however, cure rates are low. Probiotics for vaginal health may be useful in improving ... -
The disproportionate effect of COVID-19 mortality on ethnic minorities : genetics or health inequalities?
(Elsevier, 2020)The cases of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continue to increase across the world, infecting nearly 5.5 million individuals and more than 350,000 death. The earlier studies indicate that significant risk factors ... -
Drug resistance mutations against protease, reverse transcriptase and integrase inhibitors in people living with HIV-1 receiving boosted protease inhibitors in South Africa
(Frontiers Media, 2020)The South African national combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) roll-out program started in 2006, with over 4.4 million people accessing treatment since it was first introduced. HIV-1 drug resistance can hamper the ... -
From easing lockdowns to scaling-up community-based COVID-19 screening, testing, and contact tracing in Africa : shared approaches, innovations, and challenges to minimize morbidity and mortality
(Oxford University Press, 2020)The arrival of COVID-19 to the African continent resulted in a range of locally relevant lockdown measures, which curtailed the spread of SARS-CoV-2 but caused economic hardship for large sections of the population. African ... -
Limiting the spread of COVID-19 in Africa : one size mitigation strategies do not fit all countries
(Elsevier, 2020)On March 11, 2020, when coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was declared a pandemic by WHO, there were comparatively few cases reported from Africa. Our ... -
Diagnosis of COVID-19 : considerations, controversies and challenges
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2020-04-21)Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to a novel virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global pandemic that has resulted in over 1.5 million confirmed cases and close to 100 000 deaths. ... -
COVID-19 : getting ahead of the epidemic curve by early implementation of social distancing
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2020)The response to the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has largely been reactive. There are a few exceptions of countries ... -
Detectable HIV-1 in semen in individuals with very low blood viral loads
(BioMed Central, 2020-03-05)Background: Several reports indicate that a portion (5–10%) of men living with HIV-1 intermittently shed HIV-1 RNA into seminal plasma while on long term effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). This is highly suggestive ... -
Profiling cardiovascular viral pathogens in cases of sudden and unexpected death in infants (SUDI) at the Tygerberg Medico-legal Mortuary and the role of myocarditis as a possible cause of death
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University., 2020-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) is a heterogeneous group in which pathological changes, when observed, can either be an adequate or non-conclusive cause of death (COD). A non-conclusive ... -
A prospective study investigating the role of respiratory viral infections in Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy (SUDI) at Tygerberg Medico-legal Mortuary
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University., 2020-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: The current South African infant mortality rate is 22.1 per 1 000 live births with respiratory infections, pneumonia, influenza and interstitial lung infections being responsible for most ... -
Prevalence and determinants of congenital cytomegalovirus infection at a rural South African central hospital in the Eastern Cape
(Medpharm Publications, 2018)Background: The Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital (NMAH) in Mthatha, Eastern Cape, is a rural central hospital, serving one of the poorest districts in South Africa. The prevalence of and risk factors for congenital ... -
Hepatitis A in Nelson Mandela Bay and Sarah Baartman districts, Eastern Cape, South Africa
(Medpharm Publications, 2018)Background: Hepatitis A is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis, not only in South Africa, but in many other countries. In South Africa, there is a lack of data regarding the true incidence of hepatitis A, and ... -
HIV-1 RNA testing of pooled dried blood spots is feasible to diagnose acute HIV infection in resource limited settings
(Medpharm Publications, 2018)Objectives: Rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody tests, routinely used for diagnosis in adults and older children in resource-limited settings (RLS), do not detect early HIV infections prior to seroconversion ... -
Investigating HIV-1 DNA and HIV-1 RNA kinetics with ultrasensitive assays in very early treated infants and determining predictors associated with kinetics in older treated children
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2019-12)Background The impact of early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on HIV-1 persistence has been characterised in adult cohorts and in well-suppressed children on continuous therapy. These studies have shown that ... -
Hepatitis B virus mother-to-child transmission in Namibia: transmission dynamics and possibilities for elimination
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2019-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains endemic in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). While the roll-out of pediatric HBV immunization from six weeks of age has had an impact on horizontal transmission of ... -
Modelling cost-effectiveness of tenofovir for prevention of mother to child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in South Africa
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2019-06-26)Background: International sustainable development goals for the elimination of viral hepatitis as a public health problem by 2030 highlight the need to optimize strategies for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis ... -
Point-of-care screening for hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant women at an antenatal clinic : a South African experience
(Public Library of Science, 2017)Background & aims: Elimination of HIV and syphilis mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) has received much attention but little consideration has been given to the possibility of elimination of HBV MTCT. In sub-Saharan ... -
Molecular characterisation of HIV-1 recombinants and non-subtype C viruses in South Africa
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2019-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: HIV/AIDS is a severe health burden, affecting 36.9 million people worldwide by the end of 2017. South Africa has the largest HIV-1 epidemic in the world, estimated at 7.2 million infected individuals ... -
Investigating the host range of Neoromicia capensis coronavirus in vitro
(2019-04)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Coronaviruses are known to cause disease in humans and animals. Two important human coronaviruses that have caused epidemics are severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East ... -
Hepatitis b virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma in south africa: investigations into the risk profile of a previously unscreened population from the Western Cape
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2018-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a neglected major public health problem worldwide. In SubSaharan Africa (SSA), most HCC cases are diagnosed with advanced disease, well past the timing of possible ...
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