• Outcomes of extremely low-birthweight neonates at a tertiary hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa : a retrospective cohort study 

  Mugyenzi, Grace Musiime; Lloyd, L. G.; McCaul, M.; Van Zyl, N.; Holgate, S. L. (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2021-10)

  Background. Neonates of extremely low birthweight (ELBW; <1 000 g) have the highest neonatal mortality in South Africa (SA). Objective. To describe the morbidity and mortality of ELBW neonates treated at a tertiary ...
• Clinical perspectives on treatment of rifampicin-resistant/multidrug-resistant TB 

  Cox, V.; McKenna, L.; Acquah, R.; Reuter, A.; Wasserman, S.; Vambe, D.; Ustero, P.; Udwadia, Z.; Trivino-Duran, L.; Tommasi, M.; Skrahina, A.; Seddon, J. A.; Rodolfo, R.; Rich, M.; Padanilam, X.; Oyewusi, L.; Ohler, L.; Lungu, P.; Loveday, M.; Khan, U.; Khan, P.; Hughes, J.; Hewison, C.; Guglielmetti, L.; Furin, J. (International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2020-11)

  Rapid diagnostics, newer drugs, repurposed medications, and shorter regimens have radically altered the landscape for treating rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). There are multiple ongoing ...
• Implementing novel regimens for drug-resistant TB in South Africa : what can the world learn? 

  Ndjeka, N.; Hughes, J.; Reuter, A.; Conradie, F.; Enwerem, M.; Ferreira, H.; Ismail, N.; Kock, Y.; Master, I.; Meintjes, G.; Padanilam, X.; Romero, R.; Schaaf, H. S.; te Riele, J.; Maartens, G. (International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2020-10)

  Worldwide uptake of new drugs in the treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) has been extremely low. In June 2018, ahead of the release of the updated WHO guidelines for the management of RR-TB, South Africa ...
• Horizontal HIV transmission to children of HIV-uninfected mothers : a case series and review of the global literature 

  Myburgh, D.; Rabie, H.; Slogrove, A. L.; Edson, C.; Cotton, M. F.; Dramowski, A. (Elsevier, 2020-09-01)

  Background: Vertical transmission is the predominant route for acquisition of HIV infection in children, either in utero, intrapartum or postnatally through breast feeding. Less frequently, children may acquire HIV by ...
• MDR/XDR-TB management of patients and contacts : challenges facing the new decade. The 2020 clinical update by the Global Tuberculosis Network 

  Migliori, Giovanni Battista; Tiberi, Simon; Zumla, Alimuddin; Petersen, Eskild; Chakaya, Jeremiah Muhwa; Wejse, Christian; Torrico, Marcela Munoz; Duarte, Raquel; Alffenaar, Jan Willem; Schaaf, H. Simon; Marais, Ben J.; Cirillo, Daniela Maria; Alagna, Riccardo; Rendon, Adrian; Pontali, Emanuele; Piubello, Alberto; Figueroa, Jose; Ferlazzo, Gabriella; García-Basteiro, Alberto; Centis, Rosella; Visca, Dina; D’Ambrosio, Lia; Sotgiu, Giovanni (Elsevier, 2020-03)

  The continuous flow of new research articles on MDR-TB diagnosis, treatment, prevention and rehabilitation requires frequent update of existing guidelines. This review is aimed at providing clinicians and public health ...
• Knowledge, attitudes and practices of COVID-19 infection prevention and control among nurses in the intensive care unit at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town 

  Onga, Bangani (Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2022-03)

  ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Critical care environments rapidly adapted infection prevention and control (IPC) practices in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Critical care nurse’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices ...
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  Willingness to take multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) preventive therapy among adult and adolescent household contacts of MDR-TB index cases : an international multisite cross-sectional study 

  Suryavanshi, Nishi; Murrill, Matthew; Gupta, Amita; Hughes, Michael; Hesseling, Anneke; Kim, Soyeon; Naini, Linda; Jones, Lynne; Smith, Betsy; Gupte, Nikhil; Dawson, Rodney; Mave, Vidya; Meshram, Sushant; Mendoza-Ticona, Alberto; Sanchez, Jorge; Kumarasamy, Nagalingeswaran; Comins, Kyla; Conradie, Francesca; Shenje, Justin; Fontain, Sandy Nerette; Garcia-Prats, Anthony; Asmelash, Aida; Nedsuwan, Supalert; Mohapi, Lerato; Lalloo, Umesh; Ferreira, Ana Cristina Garcia; Okeyo, Elisha; Swindells, Susan; Churchyard, Gavin; Shah, N. Sarita (Oxford University Press, 2020-02)

  Background. Household contacts (HHCs) of individuals with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are at high risk of infection and subsequent disease. There is limited evidence on the willingness of MDR-TB HHCs to take ...
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  Widening the lens to ensure children who are Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) exposed are alive, HIV free, and thriving 

  Slogrove, Amy L.; Powis, Kathleen M. (Oxford University Press, 2020-01)

  The “Start Free” component of the “Start Free Stay Free AIDS Free” framework, launched in 2016 by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), aims ...
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  Single dose abacavir pharmacokinetics and safety in neonates exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 

  Bekker, Adrie; Decloedt, Eric H.; Slade, Gretchen; Cotton, Mark F.; Rabie, Helena; Cressey, Tim R. (Oxford University Press, 2021-06)

  Abacavir is a potential option for prophylaxis and early treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but no data are available in neonates. Ten neonates administered a single abacavir dose of 8 mg/kg before 15 days ...
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  Feasibility of identifying household contacts of rifampin-and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases at high risk of progression to tuberculosis disease 

  Gupta, Amita; Swindells, Susan; Kim, Soyeon; Hughes, Michael D.; Naini, Linda; Wu, Xingye; Dawson, Rodney; Mave, Vidya; Sanchez, Jorge; Mendoza, Alberto; Gonzales, Pedro; Kumarasamy, Nagalingeswaran; Comins, Kyla; Conradie, Francesca; Shenje, Justin; Fontain, Sandy Nerette; Garcia-Prats, Anthony; Asmelash, Aida; Nedsuwan, Supalert; Mohapi, Lerato; Lalloo, Umesh G.; Ferreira, Ana Cristina Garcia; Mugah, Christopher; Harrington, Mark; Jones, Lynne; Cox, Samyra R.; Smith, Betsy; Shah, N Sarita; Hesseling, Anneke C.; Churchyard, Gavin (Oxford University Press, 2020-01)

  Background: We assessed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases and their household contacts (HHCs) to inform the development of an interventional clinical trial. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study ...
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  Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pharmacologic treatments for children : research priorities and approach to pediatric studies 

  Garcia-Prats, Anthony J.; Salazar-Austin, Nicole; Conway, James H.; Radtke, Kendra; LaCourse, Sylvia M.; Maleche-Obimbo, Elizabeth; Hesseling, Anneke C.; Savic, Rada M.; Nachman, Sharon (Oxford University Press, 2020-06)

  Clinical trials of pharmacologic treatments of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are being rapidly designed and implemented in adults. Children are often not considered during development of novel treatments for infectious ...
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  Clinical experience with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2-related illness in children : hospital experience in Cape Town, South Africa 

  van der Zalm, Marieke M.; Lishman, Juanita; Verhagen, Lilly M.; Redfern, Andrew; Smit, Liezl; Barday, Mikhail; Ruttens, Dries; da Costa, A’ishah; van Jaarsveld, Sandra; Itana, Justina; Schrueder, Neshaad; Van Schalkwyk, Marije; Parker, Noor; Appel, Ilse; Fourie, Barend; Claassen, Mathilda; Workman, Jessica J.; Goussard, Pierre; Van Zyl, Gert; Rabie, Helena (Oxford University Press, 2020-11-10)

  Background: Children seem relatively protected from serious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-related disease, but little is known about children living in settings with high tuberculosis and ...
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  Translating new evidence into clinical practice : a quasi-experimental controlled before–after study evaluating the effect of a novel outreach mentoring approach on knowledge, attitudes and confidence of health workers providing HIV and infant feeding counselling in South Africa 

  Goga, Ameena; Doherty, Tanya; Manda, Samuel; Nkwenika, Tshifhiwa; Haskins, Lyn; John, Vaughn; Engebretsen, Ingunn M. S.; Feucht, Ute; Dhansay, Ali; Rollins, Nigel; Kroon, Max; Sanders, David; Kauchali, Shuaib; Tylleskär, Thorkild; Horwood, Christiane (BMJ Publishing, 2020-10)

  Objectives We report the effectiveness of a mentoring approach to improve health workers’ (HWs’) knowledge, attitudes and confidence with counselling on HIV and infant feeding. Design Quasi-experimental controlled ...
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  Hybrid lesion in a child presenting with cough, fever and haemoptysis 

  Goussard, Pierre; Andronikou, Savvas; Mfingwana, Lunga; Janson, Jacques (BMJ Publishing Group, 2020-10-08)

  ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A 10-year-old boy presented with minimal haemop-tysis after 1 week of cough and fever. He had a similar presentation 3 years earlier; the diagnosis at that stage was right lower lobe pneumonia. He is ...
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  Child with tuberculous meningitis and COVID-19 coinfection complicated by extensive cerebral sinus venous thrombosis 

  Essajee, Farida; Solomons, Regan; Goussard, Pierre; Van Toorn, Ronald (BMJ Publishing Group, 2020)

  We herein report a case of a child with tuberculous meningitis and COVID-19 coinfection complicated by hydrocephalus, arterial ischaemic stroke and extensive cerebral sinus venous thrombosis. Both conditions induce a ...
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  Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions of Isoniazid and Efavirenz in Pregnant Women Living With HIV in High TB Incidence Settings: Importance of Genotyping 

  Gausi, Kamunkhwala; Wiesner, Lubbe; Norman, Jennifer; Wallis, Carole L (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2020)

  The World Health Organization guidelines recommend that individuals living with HIV receive ≥ 6 months of isoniazid preventive therapy, including pregnant women. Yet, plasma isoniazid exposure during pregnancy, in the ...
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  The effect of universal testing and treatment on HIV stigma in 21 communities in Zambia and South Africa 

  Stangl, Anne L.; Pliakas, Triantafyllos; Maingad, Tila; Steinhaus, Mara; Mubekapi-Musadaidzwae, Constance; Viljoen, Lario; Dunbare, Rory; Schaapd, Ab; Floyd, Sian; Mandla, Nomtha; Bond, Virginia; Hoddinott, Graeme; Fidler, Sarah; Hayes, Richard; Ayles, Helen; Bock, Peter; Donnell, Deborah; Hargreaves, James R. (Wolters Kluwer Health, 2020-11)

  Objectives: To assess the impact of a combination HIV prevention intervention including universal testing and treatment (UTT) on HIV stigma among people living with HIV, and among community members and health workers not ...
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  Host directed therapies for tuberculous meningitis 

  Davis, Angharad G.; Donovan, Joseph; Bremer, Marise; Van Toorn, Ronald; Schoeman, Johan; Dadabhoy, Ariba; Lai, Rachel P. J.; Cresswell, Fiona V.; Boulware, David R.; Wilkinson, Robert J.; Thuong, Nguyen Thuy Thuong; Thwaites, Guy E.; Bahr, Nathan C.; Tuberculous Meningitis International Research Consortium (Wellcome Trust, 2020-07-01)

  ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A dysregulated host immune response significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality in tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Effective host directed therapies (HDTs) are critical to improve survival and ...
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  Effectiveness of antimicrobial stewardship programmes in neonatology: a systematic review 

  Da Silva, André Ricardo Araujo; Marques, Amanda; Di Biase, Clara (2019)

  Introduction Antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) are recommended to improve antibiotic use in healthcare and reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of ASPs in reducing ...
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  Towards understanding global patterns of antimicrobial use and resistance in neonatal sepsis: Insights from the NeoAMR network 

  Li, Grace; Bielicki, Julia Anna (2019-08)

  Objective To gain an understanding of the variation in available resources and clinical practices between neonatal units (NNUs) in the low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) setting to inform the design of an observational ...

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