Medical Physiology
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The dietary ionic effects on sex ratios in animal models
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: X-linked disorders are more expressed in male offspring and prevention of these hereditary diseases is the only recourse to date. Influencing conception towards female offspring can circumvent this problem; ...
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Gamete proteomic profile of male patients suffering from sexually transmitted infections
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to provide better insight into the effects of Neisseria gonorrhoea, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis on semen characteristics. In addition, a crucial focus was ...
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The role of Phosphodiesterase 4 in insulin- and phytocannabinoids-induced cardio-protection, and B-adrenergic cardiac damage.
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the main non-communicable diseases globally contributing to deaths each year. Ischemic heart disease leading to myocardial infarction (or heart attack ...
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Investigating the cardiovascular effects of antiretroviral drugs in a lean and high fat/sucrose diet rat model of obesity : an in vivo and ex vivo approach
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: An interaction exists between cardiovascular risk factors (e.g. obesity) and antiretroviral treatment (ART) in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. While ART reverses HIV- related ...
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An investigation into the effects of aspalathin on myocardial glucose transport using cardiomyocytes from control and obesity-induced insulin resistant rats, and terminally differentiated H9C2 cells
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Rooibos is an indigenous South African plant ingested as herbal tea and well-known for its strong anti-oxidant effects. Rooibos has shown to have cardioprotective properties in vitro and ...
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The impact of oocyte meiotic spindle and automated zona pellucida score and sperm chromatin packaging on fertilization and pregnancy for assisted reproduction techniques
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Non-invasive selection of developmentally competent human oocytes may provide information on the true fertilization potential of the spermatozoon in the absence of oocyte limitations. The objective was ...
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The role of Atm in the regulation of cardiomyocyte glucose utilization under normal and insulin resistant conditions
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is an autosomal, recessive disorder that progressively affects multiple organs. A-T is caused by mutations in the Atm gene (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated gene), ...
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Next generation sequencing demonstrates minor variant HIV drug resistance mutations
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: The South African public sector antiretroviral therapy (ART) roll-out has been associated with emergence of HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) in therapy-naïve and treated patients. These drug-resistant ...
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Mycobactericidal activity of sutezolid (PNU-100480) in sputum (EBA) and blood (WBA) of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
(PLoS, 2014-04-14)Rationale: Sutezolid (PNU-100480) is a linezolid analog with superior bactericidal activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the hollow fiber, whole blood and mouse models. Like linezolid, it is unaffected by mutations ...
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High resolution imaging study of interactions between the 37 kDa/67 kDa Laminin receptor and APP, beta-secretase and gamma-secretase in Alzheimer’s Disease
(PLoS, 2014-06-27)Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia affecting the elderly. Neurodegeneration is caused by the amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide which is generated from the sequential proteolytic cleavage of the Amyloid ...
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Effect of melatonin on myocardial susceptibility to ischaemia and reperfusion damage in a rat model of high-fat diet-induced obesity
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Obesity has reached epidemic proportions worldwide and is currently a serious health problem. It is associated with metabolic abnormalities, oxidative stress, hypertension, insulin resistance and an ...
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The responses of endothelium to insult : does endothelial heterogeneity play a role in in vitro cell models
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Endothelial injury and dysfunction precede the development of cardiovascular diseases. The endothelium may be regarded as the first line of defence against inflammation / obesity-induced vascular injury, ...
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The role of the beta3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) in cardioprotection
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: It is well-established that transient activation of the β-adrenergic signalling pathway with ligands such as isoproterenol, formoterol and dobutamine, elicits cardioprotection against subsequent long ...
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An investigation of the importance of the ATM protein in the endothelium and its role in the signalling pathways of NO production
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015-04)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is a well-characterized neurodegenerative disease resulting from a genetic defect in the Atm gene causing an absence or very low expression of the ATM protein. As AT patients ...
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Changes in hyo-laryngeal elevation post-pharyngeal electrical stimulation
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015-04)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Swallowing disorders are prevalent in many elderly individuals and are common amongst individuals suffering from neurological diseases. These individuals are affected from slight swallowing difficulty to ...
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Investigating the cholesterol-independent (pleiotropic) effects of selected hypolipidaemic agents in functional and dysfunctional endothelial cells
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Vascular endothelium forms the first line of defence against harmful stimuli in the circulation. Endothelial dysfunction is a valuable predictor of cardiovascular disease and therapies aimed at improving ...
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The effect of Cyclopia maculata extract on β-cell function, protection against oxidative stress and cell survival
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Insights into the role of oxidative stress and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) reveals an opportunity for the development of novel therapeutics that directly ...
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Nitric oxide and the endothelium : characterisation of in vitro nitric oxide detection techniques and an ex vivo method of measuring endothelial function
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014-04)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Nitric oxide (NO) is an important chemical messenger in the cardiovascular system. Despite considerable progress in this field, there remains an on-going need for affordable and user-friendly ...
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Identifying appropriate attachment factors for isolated adult rat cardiomyocyte culture and experimentation
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014-04)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Primary culture of isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes (ARCMs) is an important model for cardiovascular research, but successful maintenance of these cells in culture for their use in experiments ...
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The role of Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014-04)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Ischaemic heart disease is a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality rates. Manoeuvres such as ischaemic preconditioning confer cardioprotection against ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury ...
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The role of melatonin in cardioprotection : an investigation into the mechanisms involved in glucose homeostasis, microvascular endothelial function and mitochondrial function in normal and insulin resistant states
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014-04)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: The cardioprotective actions of the hormone melatonin against myocardial ischaemiareperfusion injury (IRI) are well-established. It has recently been shown to prevent the harmful effects ...
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Exposure of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells to harmful stimuli : a study of the cellular responses and mechanisms
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014-04)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Exposure to harmful stimuli can render vascular endothelial cells dysfunctional, characterised by reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailibility. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is a reversible precursor ...
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Proteomic analysis of seminal fluid from men exhibiting oxidative stress
(BioMed Central, 2013-09)ABSTRACT: Background: Seminal plasma serves as a natural reservoir of antioxidants. It helps to remove excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently, reduce oxidative stress. Proteomic profiling of ...
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Gender selection: separation techniques for X- and Y-chromosome bearing human spermatozoa
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Preconceptual sex selection is an ethically justifiable process whereby X- and Y-chromosome bearing spermatozoa are isolated prior to fertilization of the oocyte in order to generate either a male or a ...
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Investigating the effects of nicotine on the male reproductive system
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Much has been documented about the detrimental effects of adverse lifestyle factor exposure on the body. Exposure to factors, such as cigarette smoke, have proved to not only be a burden on global health ...
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Ischaemic preconditioning : an investigation of the patterns of kinase activation and protein expression profiles during reperfusion in the rat heart
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide with 3.8 million men and 3.4 million women dying globally each year. Although existing myocardial reperfusion strategies ...
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Proteomic analysis of human spermatozoa proteins with oxidative stress
(BioMed Central, 2013-05)Background: Oxidative stress plays a key role in the etiology of male infertility. Significant alterations in the sperm proteome are associated with poor semen quality. The aim of the present study was to examine if elevated ...
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A critical analysis of mitochondrial functioning and associated proteins in obesity-related cardiomyopathy
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: The mechanism behind obesity-related cardiomyopathies is at present not completely known, however, cardiac insulin resistance has been implicated as one of the main arbitrators of obesity-related ...
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Utilization of antigen-specific host responses in the evaluation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, development of disease and treatment effect
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Setting This study was conducted in the Tygerberg district, Cape Town, in the Western Cape, South Africa Background The evaluation of early tuberculosis (TB) treatment response is based on month 2 ...
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An investigation of excess residual cytoplasm in human spermatozoa and its distinction from the cytoplasmic droplet
(BioMed Cenral, 2012-11-17)Recent studies have shown cytoplasmic droplets to be normal morphological occurrences in human male spermatozoa. When the cytoplasm around the sperm midpiece is present in large amounts, however, pathological effects may ...
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