Improved e-waste management and potential for employment creation through the collection and recycling of e-waste : in the case of Maseru, Lesotho

Date
2022-12
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH SUMMARY: E-waste is growing at an alarming rate worldwide and the increase is a great concern amongst countries. Like many other developing African countries experiencing an upsurge in e-waste, Lesotho is no exception as there is high utilisation of electronics, especially personal and office computers, mobile phones, and different home appliances. Currently, Lesotho is challenged with a lack of legislation addressing e-waste and an absence of infrastructural ways of recycling e-waste formally. Lesotho is therefore left with insufficient information on the quantity of e-waste generated, collected, and recycled. The only liable e-waste collecting company that exists in the capital, Maseru, collects, dismantles, and exports the e-waste to South Africa for recycling. This research study aimed at exploring how through the collection and recycling of e-waste, improved e-waste management can employ Basotho in Maseru. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with open-ended questions which were designed to explore how employment creation opportunities in Maseru could be created through e-waste collection and recycling. A total of eight (8) participants were interviewed and identified as e-waste collectors, consumers, refurbishers, and producers situated in Maseru, (four individuals, and four organisations including the DoE official). The eight participants were the only key players in the e-waste pool that supplemented the interviews. The people who are already involved in the repairing and refurbishing of electronic and electrical equipment in Maseru to lengthen electrical and electronic equipment lifespan, are an indication that there are already available people with technical skills in the country from whose ranks to grow and expand the e-waste sector. The study discovers that there are no e-waste initiatives in place or ongoing initiatives to create employment for Basotho in Maseru. E-waste disposal measures in Maseru are poor, with the Ts’osane landfill where e-waste ends up being disposed of and burned in the open with general waste in some cases. These malpractices are due to a lack of legislation to guide e-waste management and a lack of education and awareness amongst Basotho on what e-waste is and how to properly handle and manage it. Economic tools such as the EPR should be considered to minimise e-waste environmental impacts and have Lesotho as a whole move into a circular economy through e-waste collection, re-use, and low-cost recycling for the GoL. Also, there should be a collaboration of mandatory and voluntary approaches toward e-waste in authority and the entire EPR concept to include more stakeholders in the EEE industry.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: E-afval groei wereldwyd teen 'n kommerwekkende tempo en die toename is vir lande 'n groot kopseer. Soos baie ander ontwikkelende Afrika-lande, wat 'n oplewing in e-afval ervaar, is Lesotho geen uitsondering nie, aangesien daar hoe benutting van elektronika is, veral wat betref persoonlike en kantoorrekenaars, selfone en verskillende huishoudelike toestelle. Daar is tans in Lesotho 'n gebrek aan wetgewing teen opsigte van e-afval, en 'n infrastruktuur wat wyses bied om e-afval formeel te herwin, bestaan feitlik nie. Dus sit Lesotho met onvoldoende data oor die hoeveelheid e-afval wat geproduseer, ingesamel en herwin word. Die enigste aanspreeklike e-afvalinsamelingsmaatskappy in die hoofstad, Maseru, haal dit uitmekaar en voer die e-afval na Suid-Afrika vir herwinning uit. Hierdie navorsingstudie is daarop gemik om te bepaal hoe verbeterde e-afvalbestuur werksgeleenthede in Maseru kan skep deur die versameling en herwinning daarvan. Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude is gevoer met oop vrae wat ontwerp is om vas te stel hoe werkskeppingsgeleenthede in Maseru geskep kan word deur middel van e-afvalversameling en herwinning. Altesaam agt (8) deelnemers is mee onderhoude gevoer en hulle is geidentifiseer as e-afvalversamelaars, verbruikers, opknappers en produsente wat in Maseru gevestig is (vier individue en vier organisasies, insluitend die DoE-amptenaar). Die agt deelnemers was die enigste sleutelspelers in die e-afvalopset wat tot die onderhoude bygedra het. Die individue wat reeds by die herstel en opknapping van elektroniese en elektriese toerusting in Maseru betrokke is om die lewensduur van elektriese en elektroniese toerusting te verleng, is 'n aanduiding dat daar wel al mense beskikbaar is met tegniese vaardighede in die land uit wie se geledere die e-afvalsektor kan groei en uitbrei. Die studie bevind dat daar geen e-afvalinisiatiewe of deurlopende inisiatiewe in plek is om werk vir die Basoeto in Maseru te skep nie. Maatreels vir die verwydering van e-afval in Maseru is onvoldoende, met die Ts’osane-stortingsterrein waar e-afval uiteindelik gestort word en in sommige gevalle saam met algemene afval in die oopte verbrand word. Hierdie wanpraktyke is te wyte aan 'n gebrek aan wetgewing oor hoe e-afval ordelik hanteer behoort te word, asook 'n gebrek aan opvoeding en bewustheid daaroor onder die Basoeto oor wat presies e-afval is, en hoe dit behoorlik hanteer en bestuur moet word. Ekonomiese wyses soos die EPR, behoort oorweeg te word om e-afvalomgewingsimpakte te verminder, en Lesotho in die geheel na 'n sirkulere ekonomie te laat beweeg deur middel van e-afvalversameling, hergebruik en laekoste herwinning vir die GoL. Vrywillige en verpligte benaderings ten opsigte van e-afval behoort ook uit ‘n gesagspunt met die ganse EPR-konsep saamgevoeg te word ten einde te bewerkstellig dat meer belanghebbendes in die EEE-industrie ingesluit word.
Description
Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2022.
Keywords
Electronic waste -- Management -- Maseru (Lesotho), Recycling (Waste, etc.) -- Maseru (Lesotho), Job creation -- Maseru (Lesotho), UCTD
Citation