Investigating quality of data and the need for the restructuring of accident report form in South Africa

Date
2018-03
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: reliable data quality system is a priority to all organisations or departments around the globe. Quality data is of great value to the agencies managing the road traffic system in South Africa in such areas as improvement of road safety complications, reconstruction of roads, advocating for adequate resources, strategising new public safety campaigns, and strengthening the enforcement of road policies to curb prevalent road accidents. The quality of the road accident data compiled at local level, according to complaints from the data users [data consumers], is alleged to be inaccurate, inadequate with regard to the relevant data demanded by the data users. Due to this effect, a need for a continuous and efficient assessment plan is considered at the local level [municipality level], where the preliminary data collection process is initiated, with the objective of uncovering and discarding the existence of errors or anomalies which frustrate the chance of raising the quality of the data processed at the provincial level. In an attempt to have a detail understanding on these anomalies, however, objectives of this study are to investigate and evaluate the anomalies that exist during the reporting and recording of road accident data at the Stellenbosch Traffic Department under the jurisdiction of the Stellenbosch Municipality-Western Cape 024, and the necessity for the improvement of the Accident Report form to accommodate more information and better understanding of its application. These objectives are achieved through research questions designed to guide the methodology applied to execute the investigation. These questions cut across how simple and comprehensible the Accident Report form is to the users, and the practicality of the information provided in the form in understanding causes of road accidents and in managing resources in preventing road accidents in the Stellenbosch area. In this case, the methodology applied is based on the four-stage approach model, which includes the understanding and evaluation of the process engaged in the traffic department, in order to have a big picture about the vulnerable areas and the responsible factors affecting the quality of data collected through the use of Accident Report form. The methodology also incorporates the collection of the right data by assessing the information completed in the form through definite dimensions and metrics, and also a questionnaire was developed to substantiate both quantitative and qualitative data collection processes which involved the participation of the South African Police Service, as one of the authorised data collectors in the Stellenbosch. With the aim of making this investigation a successful one, the analysis of the data collected was performed to determine the persistent accumulation of errors per data field in the Accident Report form, and the practical evaluation of data usability as applicable to the road accident occurrence within the Stellenbosch area, coupled with the analysis of the applicability of the Accident Report form through the understanding of the data collected with questionnaire. These analyses are practically achieved through the introduction of the statistical base methods to measure the average scores and the frequency distribution of errors per field in each related factor defined, and also to display the interpretation of results achieved to illustrate the consequence of road accidents on the Stellenbosch environs. Currently, the findings acquired demonstrate that huge proportion of errors were detected in the data completed in the Accident Report forms. The nature of errors determined indicates that human inaccuracies have paramount influence on the data completed in the form, which is attributable to the excessive level of negligence existing along the data processing line. This effect is ascribed to haphazard execution of the training and validation processes, and untimeliness in the processing of information, which probably complicate the level of quality of the data captured. A framework is developed as part of the objectives of this study to support an improved application of the quality dimensions along the road accident data processing line at the Stellenbosch Traffic Department. This framework strengthens the ability of both the reporting officers and the supervisory officers to adopt a zero-tolerance approach towards the existence of errors along the data processing line between the two authorised local departments. The practicality of the data analysed as regard the consequence of road accidents on the Stellenbosch environs demonstrates that more road accidents occurred during the dawn periods [7:00 am to 7:59 am] and dusk periods [4:00 pm to 4:59 pm], most frequently in the winter periods, within a speed limit of sixty kilometres per hour, mostly on Fridays and Thursdays within the built-up areas on both the dual and single carriageways. The findings further indicate that road accidents occurrence involved more male drivers/cyclists, under the age of forty years, either more as South Africans or less as foreign nationals. However, the findings gathered from the survey analysis shows that some form users are facing challenges during the data collection activities, where crucial concerns were raised regarding the construction of a detailed accident sketch and description. This calls for a better training for the form users on how to construct a detailed sketch and description in accordance with the necessary features required. Moreover, some valuable and relevant improvements were determined in the areas like information arrangement, information interpretation, and addition of new information where necessary.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Betroubare data kwaliteit stelsel is 'n prioriteit vir enige organisasie of departement wêreldwyd. Gehalte data is belangrik en van groot waarde vir die bestuur van die padverkeer stelsel in Suid-Afrika, byvoorbeeld in die verbetering van padveiligheid, rekonstruksie van paaie, aanvra van voldoende hulpbronne, strategië vir nuwe openbare veiligheid veldtogte, en die afdwing en uitbouing van verkeersreëls om padongelukke te bekamp. Die klagtes van die data gebruikers met betrekking tot die gehalte van data wat gegenereer word deur die Padverkeersbestuurskorporasie is verwant aan die metode waarmee die verwerking van data hanteer word by elke betrokke vlak. Die behoefte aan 'n deurlopende assesseringsplan word bestudeer op die plaaslike munisipaliteit vlak, waar voorlopige data-insamelingsproses geïnisieer word, met die doel om foute of teenstrydighede te ontbloot, weg te doen daarmee, en 'n verhoging van die kwaliteit van die data wat verwerk word op provinsiale vlak mee te bring. Een van die doelwitte van hierdie studie is om die teenstrydighede in verslagdoening en rekordhouding van verkeersinsidente op die plaaslike vlak in Suid-Afrika te bestudeer en te evalueer. Hierdie ondersoek noodsaak in-diepte insig in die prosedures wat geïmplementeer is binne die Stellenbosch Verkeersdepartement, as verantwoordelike departement insake Stellenbosch Munisipaliteit [SM-WC 024] prosedures, en die betrokkenheid van die Suid Afrikaanse Polisiediens in Stellenbosch, as een van die gemagtigde data versamelaars op plaaslike vlak. Dit noodsaak evaluasie van die bydraes van hierdie twee groot owerhede aangaande teenstrydighede in die data verwerkingsproses op plaaslike vlak, die analise van die primere data wat ingesamel is, en die bestudering van handgeskrewe ongeprosesseerde data op die ongeluksverslag vorms. Om hierdie studie suksesvol af te handel, is belangrike data verwerking prosesse beskou; die noodsaaklikheid vir die verbetering van die ongeluksverslag vorm om meer inligting makliker vas te lê. Daar is ook 'n behoefte aan die ontwikkeling van 'n standaard raamwerk om die prestasie van die personeel en die eenhede wat betrokke is by die verwerking van data, te verbeter. Die ontwikkeling van die raamwerk is gebaseer op bevindings uit drie belangrike gebiede, naamlik die ontleding van die primere data, foute wat tydens datavaslegging gebeur, en die ontleding van kwalitatiewe data verkry deur vraelyste. Die vraelyste is voltooi deur twee tipes gebruikers op die plaaslike vlak, naamlik die verkeersbeamptes en polisiebeamptes. Foute wat ontbloot is in die voltooide Ongeluk Verslag Vorms dui op aansienlike nalatigheid in die verwerking van data en prosesse tussen die twee plaaslike departemente. Die raamwerk wat ontwikkel is kan gebruik word om die toesighoudende beamptes by te staan om 'n zero toleransie benadering tot die ontstaan van foute in dataprosesse op plaaslike vlak te ondersteun. Die implementering van die raamwerk vereis toewyding en bereidwilligheid van die twee departemente wat betrokke is en gereelde kommunikasie aangaande die voordele van die model aan hul onderskeie personeel in beheer van data-insameling stelsel, ten einde volhoubare verbetering in hulle data prosesse te realiseer. Die verwerkte data van padongelukke op die Stellenbosch omgewing data toon dat meer padongelukke gedurende die dagbreek tydperke [07:00-07:59] en skemer tydperke [16:00-16:59], die meeste in die winter tydperke, binne 'n spoedgrens van sestig kilometer per uur, meestal op Vrydae en Donderdae in die beboude gebiede aan beide die dubbele en enkel rybane. Die bevindinge dui ook dat ongelukke meer gereeld voorkom met manlike bestuurders/fietsryers, onder die ouderdom van veertig jaar, en meer Suid-Afrikaners as buitelanders. Uitdagings in die data-insameling aktiwiteite sluit in die teken van 'n gedetailleerde skets ongeluk en beskrywing. Beter opleiding vir die vorm gebruikers oor hoe om 'n gedetailleerde skets en beskrywing saam te stel is, word aanbeveel. Daarbenewens is 'n paar waardevolle en relevante verbeterings bepaal in die gebiede soos inligting reëling, inligting interpretasie, en byvoeging van nuwe inligting waar nodig.
Description
Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2018.
Keywords
Investigation of accidents, UCTD, Traffic safety, Traffic accidents -- Data banks, Engineering, Traffic
Citation