Browsing by Author "Botes, Marelize"
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- ItemAntimikrobiese nanovesels vir waterbehandeling : poli(vinielalkohol)- en poli(akrielonitriel)- nanovesels met silwer-nanopartikels(LitNet, 2012) Du Plessis, Danielle; Botes, Marelize; Dicks, Leon Milner Theodore, 1961-; Cloete, Thomas EugeneDaar moet verbeter word op bestaande watersuiweringsmetodes ten einde mikrobiologies veilige en bekostigbare drinkwater te verskaf. Nanovesels word reeds gebruik in waterfiltrasiesisteme en nanofiltrasie mag selfs as ’n alternatief vir biosiede gebruik word. Verskeie variasies van nanovesels met biosiede is in die onlangse literatuur omskryf. Omdat nanovesels met antimikrobiese aktiwiteit ’n relatief nuwe studieveld is, is nog weinig studies gewy aan die uiteensetting van praktiese standaardmetodes vir antimikrobiese-aktiwiteit-bepaling. Die aktiwiteit van antimikrobiese vesels word oor die algemeen met plaattellings van kolonievormende eenhede (KVE) bepaal. Hierdie metode bepaal ’n afname in die getal kweekbare patogeniese selle teenwoordig. Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie was om ’n vinnige, maklik uitvoerbare en akkurate toets te ontwikkel om die aktiwiteit van antimikrobiese nanovesels te bepaal.
- ItemThe formulation of synthetic domestic wastewater sludge medium to study anaerobic biological treatment of acid mine drainage in the laboratory(South African Water Research Commission, 2016-04) Van den Berg, M. Francis; Botes, Marelize; Cloete, T. EugeneRequirements for successful biological treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD) rely on the reduction of sulphates by microorganisms using a suitable organic carbon source. Various carbon sources, such as domestic wastewater sludge, have previously been used in the semi-passive biological treatment of AMD. Domestic wastewater sludge is however highly variable in its composition, making laboratory experimentation difficult. Synthetic medium was therefore formulated based on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the biological degradable organic matter (BOD) of domestic wastewater sludge. Four synthetic media compositions were formulated consisting of different ratios of meat extract, vegetable extract, sodium chloride, potassium phosphate, urea, ammonium chloride, iron sulphate, magnesium sulphate and glucose. The media composition with BOD and COD measurements closest to that of anaerobic domestic wastewater sludge was selected for further studies. The combination of AMD to synthetic wastewater sludge in 3 ratios was determined for COD and sulphate reduction in bioreactors over a period of 90 d. The highest reduction of 86.76% in COD and 99.22% in sulphate content were obtained in a 1:1 AMD: synthetic domestic wastewater sludge (SDWWS) ratio that calculated to a COD/sulphate ratio of 3.
- ItemLactobacillus equigenerosi strain Le1 invades equine epithelial cells(American Society for Microbiology, 2012) Botha, Marlie; Botes, Marelize; Loos, Ben; Smith, Carine; Dicks, Leon Milner Theodore, 1961-Lactobacillus equigenerosi strain Le1, a natural inhabitant of the equine gastrointestinal tract, survived pH 3.0 and incubation in the presence of 1.5% (wt/vol) bile salts for at least 2 h. Strain Le1 showed 8% cell surface hydrophobicity, 60% auto-aggregation, and 47% coaggregation with Clostridium difficile C6. Only 1% of the cells adhered to viable buccal epithelial cells and invaded the cells within 20 min after contact. Preincubation of strain Le1 in a buffer containing pronase prevented adhesion to viable epithelial cells. Preincubation in a pepsin buffer delayed invasion from 20 min to 1 h. Strain Le1 did not adhere to nonviable epithelial cells. Administration of L. equigenerosi Le1 (1x10 9 CFU per 50 kg body weight) to healthy horses did not increase white blood cell numbers. Differential white blood cell counts and aspartate aminotransferase levels remained constant. Glucose, lactate, cholesterol, and urea levels remained constant during administration with L. equigenerosi Le1 but decreased during the week after administration.