Parallel vs sequential activation during spoken-word recognition tasks : an eye-tracking study
| dc.contributor.advisor | Bylund, Emanuel | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Berghoff, Robyn | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | McLoughlin, Jayde Caitlyn | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.other | Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Dept. of General Linguistics. | en_ZA |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-02-26T06:31:49Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-04-28T12:20:07Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-02-26T06:31:49Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-04-28T12:20:07Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-03 | |
| dc.description | Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2020. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Through previous spoken word-recognition tasks, bilinguals have demonstrated an ability to access both languages in a simultaneous/parallel manner. Parallel activation contrasts with sequential activation (where only one language is active at any given time). Afrikaans-English bilingual speakers have never been tested for parallel activation and, additionally, both African languages and early bilinguals have been neglected when studying bilinguals’ parallel activation. In this thesis, the extent to which the Afrikaans-English early bilingual mind accesses and makes use of both Afrikaans and English simultaneously is established through an eye-tracking, spoken-word recognition task. Furthermore, this parallel activation is recognised as correlated to the bilingual’s proficiency in English, as well as the age of acquisition (AoA) of English. Thirty-one Afrikaans-English early bilinguals were tested, and were found to have activated Afrikaans through their proportion of looks (eye fixations) made to an Afrikaans phonetically-similar competitor object (e.g., venster, Afrikaans for “window”) when asked to look to the English target (fairy). Participants’ English AoAs were determined through the Language History Questionnaire, and their proficiency in English was tested by means of the standardised LexTALE test. Within these Afrikaans-English early bilinguals, a lower second-language English proficiency was found to increase parallel activation of the Afrikaans first language, as well as an older English age of acquisition (AoA), independently. It is proposed in this thesis that bilingual parallel activation exists rather as a continuum (from purely sequential activation to purely parallel activation of languages), dependent on a range of interacting, individual, structural, and context-specific variables. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Deur vorige gesproke woordherkenningstake, het tweetaliges die vermoë getoon om toegang tot albei tale gelyktydig / parallel te verkry. Parallelle aktivering staan in teenstelling met opeenvolgende aktivering (waar slegs een taal op enige gegewe tydperk aktief is). Afrikaans-Engelse tweetalige sprekers is nog nooit vantevore getoets vir parallelle aktivering nie, en ook, beide Afrika-tale en vroeë tweetaliges is nie regtig in ag geneem tydens die bestudering van parallelle aktivering in tweetalige sprekers nie. In hierdie tesis word die mate waartoe die Afrikaans-Engelse vroeë tweetalige spreker se brein toegang verkry tot, en gebruik maak van beide Afrikaans en Engels gelyktydig, bepaal deur middel van oognaspeuring tydens gesproke woordherkenning. Verder word hierdie parallelle aktivering erken as gekorreleerd met die tweetalige spreker se taalvaardigheid in Engels, sowel as die ouderdom van verwerwing van Engels. Een-en-dertig Afrikaans-Engelse vroeë tweetalige sprekers is getoets en daar is gevind dat hulle Afrikaans geaktiveer het deur hul verhouding van kyke (oogfiksasies) na ‘n fonetiessoortgelyke mededinger (bv. venster) wanneer hulle gevra is om te kyk na die Engelse teiken (fairy). Die deelnemers se ouderdom van verwerwing van Engels is gevind deur middel van die Language History Questionnaire en hul taalvaardigheid in Engels is getoets aan die hand van die gestandaardiseerde LexTALE-toets. Binne hierdie Afrikaans-Engelse tweetaliges, is gevind dat ‘n laer tweede taal Engelse vaardigheid parallelle akitvering van die Afrikaans eerste taal verhoog het, sowel as ‘n ouer ouderdom van verwerwing van Engels, onafhanklik van mekaar. In hierdie tesis word dit voorgestel dat tweetalige parallelle aktivering eerder as ‘n kontinuum bestaan (van suiwer opeenvolgende aktivering tot suiwer parallelle aktivering van tale), afhankllik van ‘n reeks interaktiewe, individuele, strukturele en konteks-spesifieke veranderlikes. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.version | Masters | en_ZA |
| dc.format.extent | viii, 122 leaves : illustrations (some color) | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/108116 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University | en_ZA |
| dc.rights.holder | Stellenbosch University | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Parallel bilingual activation | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Parallelism (Linguistics) | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Bilingualism -- Psychological aspects | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Word recognition | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Eye tracking | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | UCTD | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Sequence (Linguistics) | en_ZA |
| dc.title | Parallel vs sequential activation during spoken-word recognition tasks : an eye-tracking study | en_ZA |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_ZA |