The Synagogue as locus of ministry in Luke-Acts : a socio-historical study of Luke 4:16-30

Date
2020-04
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACTS: ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study focused on three interrelated matters. The first is the synagogue as an ancient institution, the second is Luke’s depiction of the synagogue as a locale for ministry in LukeActs and the third is the pivotal role Luke 4:16-30 plays in Luke’s depiction of Jesus’ ministry. The synagogue is one of the most important institutions of antiquity in that it was not only central to Judaism, but also left indelible marks on both Christianity and Islam. The gospel writers provide us with some information on how the synagogue as an institution played an important role in Jesus’ life and ministry. It is also clear that attending the services of the synagogue was customary for both Paul and Jesus and that for both of them it served as an important locale for their teaching and preaching. An overview of recent studies indicated that there are new approaches to the origin of the synagogue that covers its spatial, liturgical, non-liturgical and institutional aspect. While reference was made to all four aspects of the synagogue, attention was given primarily to the non-liturgical aspect of the synagogue, which focusses on the religio-political life of the people. The study of the origin and function of the synagogue has shown that it is shrouded in mystery and may never be fully known. However, the synagogue was clearly a well-known institution in both Palestine and in the Diaspora in the 1st century and the intertestamental period. The survey of the origin of the synagogue indicated that it addressed the religious, social and political needs of the people. The study also undertook a survey of the synagogue in the New Testament which revealed that the New Testament understanding of the synagogue aligned with the practices of the ancient synagogue. However, some functions of the ancient synagogue as analysed are not found in the New Testament while others that are mentioned in the New Testament are not found in the ancient synagogue. This indicates just how contextual the function of the synagogue was. A description of the socio-historical context of Luke-Acts as well as how it is structured as a literary work, was also considered. In terms of the literary structure of Luke-Acts, the research determined that it is legitimate to treat them together; and that the synagogue is a key aspect in both. The synagogue in Luke-Act was also considered. It is clear that both Jesus and Paul used the synagogue as a locale for preaching the message of the Kingdom. The study has also shown that the role of the synagogue described in both Luke and Acts aligns with the rules of the synagogue as discussed in Chapter Two, but that not all the roles discussed in the ancient synagogue are replicated in Luke. The socio-historical study of the synagogue in Luke-Acts, and particularly Luke 4:16-30, showed that the beneficiaries of Jesus’ message were the socially and economically disadvantaged people in his society. In the conclusion the results of the study were briefly applied to Nigeria where poverty has ravaged the lives of many people. The study indicated that Jesus wanted to reform the synagogue as a religio-political institution to again fulfil its role in addressing the needs of its community. The Nigerian church needs to replicate this. However, while the Nigerian churches operate similarly to association synagogues, the need is to implement Jesus’ strategy of transforming public synagogues. Thus, an ecumenical approach is needed to affectively address the needs of the faith communities Nigeria.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING:In hierdie studie word aandag geskenk aan drie onderling verwante sake. Die eerste is die sinagoge as 'n antieke instelling, die tweede is Lukas se uitbeelding van die sinagoge as 'n plek vir bediening in Lukas-Handelinge, en die derde is die deurslaggewende rol wat Lukas 4:16- 30 speel in Lukas se uitbeelding van Jesus se bediening. Die sinagoge is een van die belangrikste antieke instellings deurdat dit nie net sentraal in Judaïsme was nie, maar ook ‘n duidelike invloed op sowel die Christendom as die Islam gelaat het. Die verskillende evangelieskrywers bied belangrike inligting oor hoe die sinagoge as instelling 'n belangrike rol in Jesus se lewe en bediening gespeel het. Dit is ook duidelik dat die bywoning van die dienste in die sinagoge vir Paulus sowel as Jesus gebruiklik was, en dat dit vir albei as 'n belangrike plek vir lering en prediking gedien het. Die oorsig van onlangse studies het aangedui dat daar nuwe benaderings is tot die oorsprong van die sinagoge wat ruimtelike, liturgiese, nie-liturgiese en institusionele aspekte dek. Terwyl daar na al vier aspekte van die sinagoge in die studie verwys is, is daar hoofsaaklik aandag gegee aan die nie-liturgiese aspek van die sinagoge, wat fokus op die godsdienstig-politieke lewe van die Jode. Die studie van die oorsprong en funksie van die sinagoge het getoon dat dit grootliks onbekend is en nooit volledig uitgeklaar sal kan word nie. Die sinagoge was egter duidelik in die 1ste eeu en die intertestamentêre periode 'n bekende instelling in Palestina, sowel as in die Diaspora. Die oorsig van die oorsprong van die sinagoge het aangedui dat dit die godsdienstige, sosiale en politieke behoeftes van die Jode aanspreek het. Die studie het ook die sinagoge in die Nuwe Testament ondersoek, wat aandui dat die Nuwe Testamentiese verstaan van die sinagoge ooreenstem met die gebruike van die antieke sinagoge. Sommige funksies van die antieke sinagoge word egter nie in die Nuwe Testament aangetref nie, terwyl ander wat in die Nuwe Testament genoem word, weer nie van die antieke sinagoge bekend is nie. Die verskille dui aan hoe kontekstueel die funksie van die sinagoge was. ‘n Beskrywing van die sosio-historiese konteks van Lukas-Handelinge asook hoe dit as 'n literêre werk gestruktureer is, is ook oorweeg. Wat die literêre struktuur van Lukas-Handelinge betref, het die navorsing bepaal dat dit wenslik is om dit saam te behandel; en dat die sinagoge 'n belangrike tema in albei is. Die voorkoms van die sinagoge in Lukas-Handelinge is ook bestudeer. Dit is duidelik dat beide Jesus en Paulus die sinagoge as 'n plek gebruik het om die boodskap van die koninkryk te verkondig. Die studie het ook getoon dat die rol van die sinagoge wat in beide Lukas en Handelinge beskryf word, ooreenstem met die reëls van die sinagoge soos bespreek in Hoofstuk Twee, maar dat nie al die rolle wat in die antieke sinagoge bespreek is, in Lukas gerepliseer word nie. Die sosio-historiese studie van die sinagoge in Lukas-Handeling, en veral in Lukas 4:16-30, het getoon dat die ontvangers van Jesus se boodskap die sosiaal en ekonomies benadeelde mense in sy samelewing was. Ten slotte is die resultate van die studie toegepas op Nigerië, waar armoede die lewens van baie mense verwoes. Die studie het aangedui dat Jesus die sinagoge as 'n godsdienstig-politieke instelling wou hervorm om weer die rol te vervul om in die behoeftes van die gemeenskap te voldoen. Dit moet ook die strategie van die Nigeriese kerk wees. Alhoewel die Nigeriese kerke soortgelyk aan assosiasie-sinagoges funksioneer, is dit nodig om Jesus se strategie om openbare sinagoges te transformeer, te implementeer deur 'n ekumeniese benadering te volg om effektief die behoeftes van geloofsgemeenskappe in Nigerië aan te spreek.
Description
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2020.
Keywords
Bible. Luke, IV, 16-30 -- Criticism, interpretation, etc., Bible. Acts -- Criticism, interpretation, etc., Bible. Luke -- Criticism, interpretation, etc., Synagogues, UCTD
Citation