Childhood drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Western Cape Province of South Africa

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dc.contributor.authorSchaaf H.S.
dc.contributor.authorMarais B.J.
dc.contributor.authorHesseling A.C.
dc.contributor.authorGie R.P.
dc.contributor.authorBeyers N.
dc.contributor.authorDonald P.R.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T16:15:13Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T16:15:13Z
dc.date.issued2006
dc.description.abstractAim: Continued surveillance of drug resistance amongst children presenting with culture-confirmed tuberculosis to a tertiary care hospital and to community clinics. Methods: Drug susceptibility testing for isoniazid and rifampicin was prospectively done on all children presenting with culture-confirmed tuberculosis from three study populations: children diagnosed at Tygerberg Children's Hospital in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, between March 2003 and February 2005 (recent survey, hospital-based group), and August 1994 and April 1998 (previous hospital-based survey), and a community-based group from five clinics during the recent survey. Results: Isoniazid resistance increased significantly from 6.9% (21/306 children) in the previous survey to 12.8% (40/313 children) in the recent survey (odds ratio (OR) 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-3.59). Resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin (multidrug resistance) did not increase significantly between the surveys (7/306 in previous survey vs 17/313 in recent survey; OR 2.45, 95% CI 0.94-6.62). All resistance (isoniazid and/or rifampicin) was 18/127 (14.2%) in the community-based group compared to 23/192 (12.0%) in the hospital-based group (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.41-1.68). Conclusion: The prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis in this setting is increasing, reflecting ongoing transmission of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. © 2006 Taylor & Francis.
dc.description.versionArticle
dc.identifier.citationActa Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics
dc.identifier.citation95
dc.identifier.citation5
dc.identifier.issn08035253
dc.identifier.other10.1080/08035250600675741
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/13245
dc.subjectisoniazid
dc.subjectrifampicin
dc.subjectadolescent
dc.subjectantibiotic resistance
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectbacterial strain
dc.subjectbacterial transmission
dc.subjectchild
dc.subjectconfidence interval
dc.subjectfemale
dc.subjecthealth survey
dc.subjecthospital
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjectinfection sensitivity
dc.subjectmajor clinical study
dc.subjectmale
dc.subjectmultidrug resistance
dc.subjectMycobacterium tuberculosis
dc.subjectpriority journal
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.subjecttertiary health care
dc.subjecttime series analysis
dc.subjecttuberculosis
dc.subjectAdolescent
dc.subjectAntitubercular Agents
dc.subjectChild
dc.subjectChild, Preschool
dc.subjectCommunity Health Centers
dc.subjectDrug Resistance, Bacterial
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectHospitals, Pediatric
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectInfant
dc.subjectInfant, Newborn
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectPopulation Surveillance
dc.subjectProspective Studies
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.subjectTuberculosis
dc.titleChildhood drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
dc.typeArticle
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