A metabolomics-guided exploration of the phytochemical constituents of Vernonia fastigiata with the aid of pressurized hot water extraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
Date
2017
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI
Abstract
Vernonia fastigiata is a multi-purpose nutraceutical plant with interesting biological properties. However, very little is known about its phytochemical composition and, thus the need for its phytochemical characterization. In the current study, an environmentally friendly method, pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE), was used to extract metabolites from the leaves of V. fastigiata at various temperatures (50 °C, 100 °C, 150 °C and 200 °C). Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS) analysis in combination with chemometric methods, particularly principal component analysis (PCA) and liquid/gas chromatography mass spectrometry (XCMS) cloud plots, were used to descriptively visualize the data and identify significant metabolites extracted at various temperatures. A total of 25 different metabolites, including hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, clovamide, deoxy-clovamide and flavonoids, were noted for the first time in this plant. Overall, an increase in extraction temperature resulted in an increase in metabolite extraction during PHWE. This study is the first scientific report on the phytochemical composition of V. fastigiata, providing insight into the components of the chemo-diversity of this important plant.
Description
CITATION: Masike, K., et al. 2017. A metabolomics-guided exploration of the phytochemical constituents of Vernonia fastigiata with the aid of pressurized hot water extraction and liquid chromatography-mass. Molecules, 22(8):1200, doi:10.3390/molecules22081200.
The original publication is available at http://www.mdpi.com
The original publication is available at http://www.mdpi.com
Keywords
Vernonia fastigiata, Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE), Chemometrics methods, Principal component analysis (PCA)
Citation
Masike, K., et al. 2017. A metabolomics-guided exploration of the phytochemical constituents of Vernonia fastigiata with the aid of pressurized hot water extraction and liquid chromatography-mass. Molecules, 22(8):1200, doi:10.3390/molecules22081200