COX-2 promoter polymorphisms and the association with prostate cancer risk in South African men

Date
2008
Authors
Fernandez P.
De Beer P.M.
Van der Merwe L.
Heyns C.F.
Journal Title
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Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, which are important mediators of cell proliferation and inflammation. Evidence indicates that COX-2 plays a role in carcinogenesis and that it is over-expressed in prostate tumours. We investigated the role of COX-2 variants in prostate cancer in a case-control study of South African Coloured men, consisting of 151 cases and 134 controls. The genotype frequencies of four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the COX-2 promoter were initially determined in 50 control subjects. One SNP, rs20417 (-899G>C), was monomorphic and excluded from further investigation. Three SNPs, rs3918304 (-1285A>G), rs20415 (-1265C>T) and rs5270 (-297C>G), were genotyped in all the case patients and control subjects. The -1285 G-allele and -1265 T-allele were associated with increased risk of prostate cancer [odds ratio (OR)=3.53; confidence interval (CI) = 2.14-5.90; P < 0.0001 and OR = 3.01; CI = 1.82-5.02; P < 0.0001] after adjusting for age. Haplotype GTC conferred increased risk of prostate cancer in South African Coloured men (OR = 3.54 versus ACC; CI = 2.12-5.92; P < 0.0001). These findings in conjunction with findings in other populations of African descent might suggest a common causal variant for prostate cancer in COX-2, or a variant in a nearby gene. © The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
Description
Keywords
adenosine, cyclooxygenase 2, cytidine, guanosine, thymidine, adult, age, aged, article, cancer risk, carcinogenesis, case control study, controlled study, gene frequency, genetic association, genetic risk, genetic variability, genotype, haplotype, high risk population, human, major clinical study, male, priority journal, promoter region, prostate cancer, prostatectomy, single nucleotide polymorphism, South Africa, transurethral resection, African Continental Ancestry Group, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Cyclooxygenase 2, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genotype, Haplotypes, Humans, Linkage Disequilibrium, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Prostatic Neoplasms, Risk Factors, South Africa
Citation
Carcinogenesis
29
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