Determining the compositional evolvement of industrial developments in Atlantis Specialised Economic Zone and the factors influencing it

Date
2021-03-08
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Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: policies aim to revitalise regions that are economically lagging by stimulating economic growth and creating employment opportunities. The Atlantis Area was in 1976 proclaimed a National Growth Point under the governments’ decentralised initiative and the government has for years offered some of the best incentives to attract investment into the area. Atlantis Industria was established as a Special Economic Zone in 2018, however, as a result of weaknesses in the SEZ policy, the establishment of Atlantis Industria as an SEZ will not have the expected spillover effects on the socio-demographics and socio-economics of the broader Atlantis area and is not sustainable in the long-run as it is expensive to maintain. The study aims to look into the development of Atlantis Industria since 1994 to determine the compositional evolvement of the area and analyse the policy factors that have influenced this and in turn the effects these changes have had on the socio-demographics and socio-economics of the broader Atlantis area and the broader City of Cape Town. Census data for Atlantis and the broader Cape Town area was acquired for the years 1996, 2001, and 2011 from Statistics South Africa, the variables were grouped into socio-demographic and socio-economic factors and turned into figures using Microsoft Excel. Spatial data were obtained from the municipality of the City of Cape Town and converted to maps using ArcGIS. Stakeholders involved in the area were contacted and interviews were conducted. This information was analysed using content analysis and used to support the quantitative data. Statistics show there was an overall increase between 1996 and 2011 in education levels, income levels, and formal housing in both Atlantis and the broader Cape Town area. This can be accounted for by the various economic policies implemented to create spatial economic equality. These policies include economic policy initiatives such as the RDP (1994), NSDF (1995), GEAR (1996), MDP (1996), AsgiSA (2006), and NIPF (2007), and post 1994 regional and sectorial policy initiatives such as SDI (1996), RDF (1997), UDF (1997), ISRDS (2001), the NSDP came about in the late 1900s and was revived in both 2003 and 2006, IDZ (2001) and SEZ (2007). The data shows that there has been an increase in industrial growth as well as commercial growth for the years 2005, 2011, and 2017. There is hope that there will be positive spillover effects not only for the economy but for the surrounding community.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ruimtelike beleid het ten doel om streke wat ekonomies agterbly, te laat herleef deur ekonomiese groei te stimuleer en werkgeleenthede te skep. Die Atlantis-gebied is in 1976 uitgeroep tot 'n nasionale groeipunt onder die gedesentraliseerde inisiatief van die regerings en die regering bied al jare lank die beste aansporings om beleggings in die gebied te lok. Atlantis Industria is in 2018 as 'n spesiale ekonomiese sone gestig, maar as gevolg van swakhede in die SEZ-beleid, sal die totstandkoming van Atlantis Industria as SEZ nie die verwagte uitwerking hê op die sosio-demografie en sosio-ekonomie van die breër Atlantis-gebied en is op die lange duur nie volhoubaar nie, want dit is duur om te onderhou. Die doel van die studie is om die ontwikkeling van Atlantis Industria sedert 1994 te ondersoek om die samestellingsontwikkeling van die gebied te bepaal en die beleidsfaktore wat dit beïnvloed het te ontleed, en op hul beurt die uitwerking wat hierdie veranderinge op die sosio-demografie en sosio-ekonomie van breër Atlantis-gebied en die breër Stad Kaapstad. Sensusdata vir die Atlantis-gebied is vir die jare 1996, 2001 en 2011 uit Statistieke Suid-Afrika gehaal. Die veranderlikes is in sosio-demografiese en sosio-ekonomiese faktore gegroepeer en met Microsoft Excel in syfers verander. Ruimtelike data is van die stad Kaapstad verkry en met ArcGIS na kaarte omgeskakel. Belanghebbendes wat in die gebied betrokke was, is gekontak en onderhoude is gevoer. Hierdie inligting is met behulp van inhoudsanalise geanaliseer en gebruik om die kwantitatiewe data te ondersteun. Statistieke wys daar was 'n algehele toename in onderwysvlakke, inkomstevlakke en formele behuising in beide Atlantis en die breër Kaapstad-omgewing tussen 1996 en 2011. Dit kan erken word deur die verskillende ekonomiese beleide wat geïmplementeer is om ruimtelike ekonomiese gelykheid te skep. Hierdie beleide sluit in ekonomiese beleidsinisiatiewe soos die HOP (1994), NSDF (1995), GEAR (1996), MDP (1996), AsgiSA (2006) en NIPF (2007) en streeks- en sektorale beleidsinisiatiewe ná 1994 soos SDI (1996), RDF (1997), UDF (1997), ISRDS (2001), het die NSDP in die laat 1900's ontstaan en is in 2003 en 2006, IDZ (2001) en SEZ (2007) herleef. Die data toon dat daar 'n toename in die industriële groei sowel as kommersiële groei was vir die jare 2005, 2011 en 2017. Daar is hoop dat daar nie net 'n positiewe uitwerking op die ekonomie is nie, maar ook op die omliggende gemeenskap.
Description
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2021.
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