Die rol van immigrante van St. Helena-eiland in die Kaapse en Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing, met spesifieke verwysing na die periode 1808-1908

Date
2021-03
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: St. Helena's strategic location has led the Portuguese and other European seafarers to use the island as a halfway station on their voyages to and from the East since the early 1500`s. The island gained prominence when several exiles such as Napoleon Bonaparte were banished there in 1815, as well as the Zulu king, Dinizulu kaCetswayo, and his family who was banished to the island in 1890 and about 6 000 Boer prisoners of war who were banished to the island between 1900 and 1902. The emphasis is rather on the emigration of St. Helenas to South Africa, a theme that did not receive as much attention from South African historians as Dutch, British-, French- and German immigration. In this study, several questions about St. Helena immigration were investigated such as what factors caused the immigration, the number of St. Helenas who eventually emigrated to South Africa, where they settled, what professions they held, and so on. From 1808 the St. Helena emigrants gradually emigrated to the Cape Colony and other areas in present-day South Africa, but over time the flow of emigrants increased. Various push and pull factors, especially after 1834, contributed to the stronger flow of emigrants. These new arrivals would, by their nature, have made an impact on South African society and it is, among other things, the aim of this research study to investigate the socio-economic influence of the St. Helenas on the Cape and wider South African society. The St. Helena immigrants' arrival in South Africa and the influence of this immigration on the country did not receive much attention of historians yet and there is undoubtedly a research gap that exists to which this dissertation can contribute.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: St. Helena se strategiese ligging het daartoe gelei dat die Portugese- en ander Europese seevaarders die eiland sedert die vroeë 1500`s as halfwegstasie op hulle seereise na en van die Ooste gebruik het. Die eiland het prominensie verkry toe verskeie bannelinge soos Napoleon Bonaparte in 1815, die Zoeloekoning, Dinizulu kaCetswayo, en sy gesin in 1890 en ongeveer 6 000 Boere-krygsgevangenes vanaf 1900 tot 1902 na die eiland verban is. Die fokus van hierdie navorsingstudie is egter nie direk op die bannelinge ingestel nie. Die klem val eerder op die emigrasie van St. Helenas na Suid-Afrika, ʼn tema wat nie soveel aandag van Suid-Afrikaanse historici as byvoorbeeld Nederlandse, Britse-, Franse- en Duitse-immigrasie gekry het nie. In hierdie studie word verskeie kwessies oor St. Helena-emigrasie na Suid-Afrika ondersoek soos watter faktore immigrasie veroorsaak het, die aantal St. Helenas wat uiteindelik na Suid-Afrika geëmigreer het, waar hulle hulself gevestig het, watter beroepe die St. Helenas beoefen het, ensomeer. Vanaf 1808 het St. Helena-emigrante drupsgewys na die Kaapkolonie en ander gebiede in Suid-Afrika geëmigreer, maar mettertyd het die emigrantestroom al sterker gevloei. Verskeie stoot- en trekfaktore het veral na 1834 tot die sterker vloei van die emigrasie bygedra. Hierdie nuwe aankomelinge het ʼn impak op die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing gemaak en dit is onder andere ook die doelwit van hierdie navorsingstudie om ondersoek in te stel na die sosio-ekonomiese invloed van die St. Helenas op die Kaapse- en breër Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing. Oor die St. Helena-immigrante se koms na Suid-Afrika en die invloed van hierdie immigrasie op die land is daar nog nie veel navorsing gedoen nie en bestaan daar ongetwyfeld ʼn navorsingsleemte wat gevul kan word en waartoe hierdie proefskrif ʼnbydrae kan lewer.
Description
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2021.
Keywords
Saint Helena -- History -- 19th century, Saint Helena -- Emigration and immigration, Saint Helena -- Social conditions -- 19th century, Saint Helena -- Economic conditions -- 19th century, South Africa -- Saint Helena -- Influence, UCTD
Citation