The development and empirical testing of a psychological detachment and burnout structural model for academics

Date
2019-04
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH SUMMARY : The discipline of Industrial Psychology endeavours to enhance the well-being and success of employees; the organisations to which they belong, and society as a whole. In light of such efforts; the issue of burnout amongst employees becomes a prevalent and vital phenomenon in which Human Resource practitioners and Industrial Psychologists need to address. Linked to burnout is the phenomenon of psychological detachment. Recent empirical research has shown how psychological detachment, when actively used by the employee, acts as an effective buffer to the harmful effects of burnout. However, a lack of psychological detachment on the part of the employee would allow for the onset of burnout over time. It is in acknowledging and exploring the relationship between burnout and the psychological detachment phenomenon that it becomes imperative to gain insight into the determinants of psychological detachment. Given the vast amount of research confirming high levels of burnout in academics; this study was directed at understanding the factors that influence whether or not the academic employee psychologically detaches themselves from work after the core working hours. This study made use of an ex post facto correlational design with a convenience sample of 148 academic employees who responded to an online questionnaire. The questionnaire utilised empirically sound instruments (the Media and Technology Usage and Attitude Scale, the Segmentation Preferences and Supplies Scale; the Quantitative Workload Inventory; the Developmental Inventory of Sources of Stress; the Occupational Fatigue Exhaustion/Recovery Scale; the Recovery Experience Questionnaire; the State of being Recovered Questionnaire; the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory and the Maslasch Burnout Inventory) to tap in to the constructs underpinning the study’s structural model. The results revealed that seven of the twelve paths in the structural model were found to be statistically significant. The results revealed that the variables of recovery, work pressure, work-home segmentation preferences, exhaustion/acute fatigue and technology all have a substantial influence on the psychological detachment, burnout process either as a main, indirect or mediating effect. The results of this study calls for further empirical studies on these variables and the inclusion of other important psychological detachment determinants.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Die dissipline van Bedryfsielkunde streef daarna om die welstand en sukses van werknemers, die organisasies waaraan hulle behoort en die samelewing as ‘n geheel, te verbeter. In die lig hiervan word die kwessie van uitbranding by werknemers ‘n opvallende en ernstige fenomeen wat deur menslike hulpbron praktisyns en Bedryfsielkundiges aangespreek moet word. Gekoppel aan uitbranding is die verskynsel van psigiese losmaking. Onlangse empiriese navorsing het getoon hoe psigiese losmaking, wanneer dit aktief deur die werknemer gebruik word, ‘n effektiewe buffer teen die skadelike uitwerking van uitbranding kan wees. Hierteenoor kan ‘n gebrek aan psigiese losmaking by die werknemer oor tyd lei tot die ontwikkeling van uitbranding. In die ondersoek na die verhouding tussen uitbranding en die psigiese losmakingsverskynsel is dit noodsaaklik om die bepalers van psigiese losmaking vas te stel. Na aanleiding van die groot hoeveelheid navorsing wat uitbranding in akademici bevestig, was hierdie studie gemik op die begrip van die faktore wat beïnvloed of die akademiese werknemer homself sielkundig losmaak van sy werk buite formele werksure. Die studie het gebruik gemaak van ‘n ex post facto korrelasie ontwerp met ‘n gerieflikheids steekproef van 148 akademiese werknemers wat reageer het op ‘n aanlyn vraelys. Die vraelys het gebruik gemaak van goed gevalideerde instrumente (die Media and Technology Usage and Attitude Scale, die Segmentation Preferences and Supplies Scale; die Quantitative Workload Inventory; die Developmental Inventory of Sources of Stress; die Occupational Fatigue, Exhaustion / Recovery Scale, die Recovery Experience Questionnaire; die State of Being Recovered Questionnaire; die Intrinsic Motivation Inventory en die Maslach Burnout Inventory) om die onderliggende konstrukte strukturele model te ondersoek. Die resultate the getoon dat sewe van die twaalf bane in die strukturele model beduidend was. Die uitslag het getoon dat die verandelikes van herstel, werksdruk, werk-huisskeidingsvoorkeure, moegheid / akute uitputting en tegnologie ‘n substansiële invloed op die psigiese losmakingsproses het, hetsy as direkte, indirekte of modererende faktor. Die resultate van die studie beklemtoon dat verdere empiriese navorsing nodig is om hierdie veranderlikes, asook ander belangrike psigiese losmakingsfaktore te ondersoek.
Description
Thesis (MCom)--Stellenbosch University, 2019.
Keywords
Burn out (Psychology), College teachers -- Psychological aspects, College teachers -- Psychological well-being, Emotional detachment, UCTD
Citation