From participation to protest: the link between protest and participation: the case of the #feesmustfall protests at the University Of The Western Cape

Date
2017-03
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH SUMMARY : Protests in South Africa is not a new phenomenon nor is it a phenomenon which is unique to South Africa. As early as the 1700’s for example, during the French Revolution, citizens protested against perceived injustices perpetuated by the governing elite against the poor and working class. There is almost no country or continent that can claim that they have not experienced some form of unrest, peaceful or violent, by citizens whom were no longer satisfied with the status quo, or the undelivered promises of the elected government. In this regard, South Africa has seen its fair share of protests, violent and non-violent, prior to the first democratically elected government in April 1994. Prior to the 1994 elections it could be argued that protests were justified given the one-party rule and the disenfranchisement of the majority of its citizens South Africa’s citizens including what could be considered an inferior educational system. Disconcertingly. Post 1994 South Africa has been plagued by the persistence of protests leading to much blood shed, loss of life and damage to property. While the right to peaceful protest by various sectors of the South African population is enshrined in the South African Constitution( South Africa 1996), it is the violent and persistent nature of these protests leading to some commentators referring to South Africa as the “ protest capital of the world” . Of equal concern is the increase in student protests at institutions of higher learning on various issues, often manifesting itself outside of the formal participatory mechanisms available to students, by students whom can be considered “the born frees” This study explores participatory mechanisms available to students at institutions of higher learning in general, and student protests as an attempt to influence, formulate and transform public policy at institutions of higher learning. In particular the study is guided by a qualitative research paradigm using a structured interview tool to gather primary data using the University of the Western Cape as a case study against the backdrop of the #feesmustfall protests. It is further argued in this study that the #feesmustfall protests are not an end in itself, but rather a symptom of the broader inadequacies of the current participatory mechanisms available at institutions of higher learning in university governance structures in general, and the University of the Western Cape in particular. The study further suggests the adaptation of some of the current theoretical models used to analyse and understand protests or student action at institutions of higher learning as well as recommendations to improve student-university management relations based on the findings of the empirical research. Furthermore, the study wishes to lay the ground work for further studies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Betogings is nie ‘n nuwe verskynsel in Suid-Afrika nie, en nog minder is dit ‘n verskynsel wat uniek is aan Suid-Afrika. Reeds in die 1700’s, tydens die Franse Revolusie, het burgers byvoorbeeld betoog teen onreg deur die heersende elite teenoor die armes en werkersklas. Daar is bykans geen land of vasteland wat kan beweer dat hulle nie een of ander vorm van opstand, vreedsaam of gewelddadig, deur burgers ervaar het wat nie meer tevrede met die status quo is nie, of ontevrede is oor beloftes deur die verkose regering wat nie nagekom is nie. In hierdie opsig het ‘n aansienlike aantal betogings, sowel gewelddadig as niegewelddadig, in Suid-Afrika plaasgevind voor die eerste demokraties verkose regering in April 1994 aan die bewind gekom het. Dit kan aangevoer word dat betogings voor die 1994-verkiesing geregverdig was weens die eenparty-regering en die ontburgering van die meerderheid van Suid-Afrika se burgers, met inbegrip van wat as ‘n ondergeskikte onderwysstelsel beskou kan word. Dit is egter ontstellend dat Suid-Afrika ná 1994 steeds onder voortdurende betogings gebuk gegaan het, wat tot baie bloedvergieting, lewensverlies en skade aan eiendom gelei het. Alhoewel die reg tot vreedsame betoging deur verskillende sektore van die Suid-Afrikaanse bevolking in die Suid-Afrikaanse Grondwet vasgele is, is dit die gewelddadige en voortdurende aard van hierdie betogings wat daartoe gelei het dat sommige kommentators na Suid-Afrika verwys as die ‘betogingshoofstad van die wereld’. Ewe kommerwekkend is die toename in studentebetogings by hoeronderwysinstellings oor verskeie kwessies, wat dikwels buite die formele deelnemende meganismes tot studente se beskikking manifesteer, deur studente wat as die ‘vrygeborenes’ beskou kan word. In hierdie studie is ondersoek ingestel na deelnemende meganismes beskikbaar aan studente by hoeronderwysinstellings in die algemeen, en studentebetogings as ‘n poging om openbare beleid by hoeronderwysinstellings te beïnvloed, formuleer en transformeer. Die studie was spesifiek gerig deur ‘n kwalitatiewe navorsingsparadigma, en ‘n gestruktureerde onderhoudinstrument is gebruik om primere data in te samel met die Universiteit van Wes-Kaapland as ‘n gevallestudie teen die agtergrond van die #feesmustfall-betogings. Daar word verder in hierdie studie aangevoer dat die #feesmustfall-betogings nie ‘n doel op sigself was nie, maar eerder ‘n simptoom van die breer ontoereikendheid van die heersende deelnemende meganismes beskikbaar by hoeronderwysinstellings in universiteitsbestuurstrukture in die algemeen, en die Universiteit van Wes-Kaapland in die besonder. Op grond van die studie word voorstelle gemaak rakende die aanpassing van sommige van die huidige teoretiese modelle wat gebruik word om betogings of studente-optrede by hoeronderwysinstellings te ontleed en te verstaan, en aanbevelings word ook gemaak rakende die verbetering van student–universiteit-bestuursverhoudings op grond van die bevindinge van die empiriese navorsing. Die studie le voorts ‘n grondslag vir verdere studies in hierdie verband.
Description
Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2017.
Keywords
Student protesters -- South Africa, Political participation -- South Africa, Political sociology -- South Africa, UCTD
Citation