HIV risk exposure among South African children in public health facilities

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorShisana O.
dc.contributor.authorConnolly C.
dc.contributor.authorRehle T.M.
dc.contributor.authorMehtar S.
dc.contributor.authorDana P.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T16:15:15Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T16:15:15Z
dc.date.issued2008
dc.description.abstractThe study investigates the risk exposure to HIV infection among South African children aged 2-9 years served by public health services. Together with their biological mothers, 3471 children and were recruited from inpatient and outpatient children in the Free State Province. Blood samples were taken by professional nurses and a history taken of exposure factors associated with HIV transmission. DNA testing was used to confirm biological maternity where the child was HIV-positive and the mother HIV-negative. Mother-child pairs were stratified by mother's HIV status. Exposure factors related to the child's HIV status were examined in each stratum using a chi-square test. Independent factors were then included in a multiple logistic regression model. Having an HIV-positive mother was strongly related to HIV infection in children (OR: 310; 95%CI: 148-781). However, seven HIV-positive children had HIV-negative mothers. Transmission in this group was significantly associated with breastfeeding by a non-biological mother (OR: 437; 95%CI: 53-5020), being fed with expressed breast milk from a milk room (OR: 37.6; 95%CI: 6.2-259.0), dental injection history (OR: 31.5; 95%CI: 4.5-189.4) and visits to a dentist (OR: 26.9; 95%CI: 4.4-283.5). Although mother-to-child-transmission is shown to be the primary mode of HIV transmission in South African children, the few HIV-positive children infected by other modes of transmission suggest a potential risk of non-vertical HIV infections. These infections can be prevented through education and improved infection-control procedures. © 2008 Taylor & Francis.
dc.description.versionArticle
dc.identifier.citationAIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV
dc.identifier.citation20
dc.identifier.citation7
dc.identifier.issn09540121
dc.identifier.other10.1080/09540120701771705
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/13259
dc.subjectarticle
dc.subjectblood sampling
dc.subjectbreast feeding
dc.subjectbreast milk
dc.subjectchi square test
dc.subjectchild
dc.subjectconfidence interval
dc.subjectdentist
dc.subjectDNA determination
dc.subjectexposure
dc.subjectfemale
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjectHuman immunodeficiency virus infection
dc.subjectmajor clinical study
dc.subjectmale
dc.subjectmother child relation
dc.subjectmultivariate logistic regression analysis
dc.subjectoutpatient
dc.subjectpediatrics
dc.subjectpriority journal
dc.subjectpublic health service
dc.subjectrisk factor
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.subjectvirus transmission
dc.subjectAnti-HIV Agents
dc.subjectChild
dc.subjectChild, Preschool
dc.subjectCross-Sectional Studies
dc.subjectDisease Transmission, Vertical
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectHealth Facilities
dc.subjectHIV Infections
dc.subjectHIV Seronegativity
dc.subjectHIV Seropositivity
dc.subjectHIV-1
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectPregnancy
dc.subjectPregnancy Complications, Infectious
dc.subjectRisk Factors
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.titleHIV risk exposure among South African children in public health facilities
dc.typeArticle
Files
Collections
Stellenbosch University - Scopus Tygerberg Hospital Publications