Development of an interferon gamma biosensor towards the early detection of tuberculosis
| dc.contributor.advisor | Perold, W. J. | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Warren, R. | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.author | Schoeman, Stephan Petri | en_ZA |
| dc.contributor.other | Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. | en_ZA |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-02-22T06:41:09Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-04-17T08:16:12Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2019-02-22T06:41:09Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2019-04-17T08:16:12Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2019-04 | |
| dc.description | Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2019. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the top ten causes of death in the world. Current diagnostic tests for tuberculosis are either limited in sensitivity, cost, or is not adaptable to different types of patients. The status of the infection is difficult to determine and the early detection, although very critical, is still an aspect that cannot fully be done with the speed and robustness required. This project set out to develop an electrochemical sensor that would be able to determine the concentration of interferon gamma in a solution. Interferon gamma is a cytokine that is related to the infection of tuberculosis. The objectives of the project was to firstly develop a biochemical detection method for the interferon and then develop a sensor with the knowledge gained from the first objective. A commercial sensor was used to experimentally validate the biochemical interaction of the interferon gamma with the surface of the sensor. These tests were successful and the second objective was attempted. Using only off-the shelf products, an electrochemical sensor was developed and tested with the developed protocol. The home-built sensor was tested with two different modes, namely a label free protein and a horseradish peroxidase labelled protein. The linear operation range of the former was found to be 1 ng/ml to 1 pg/ml, and for the latter 1 ng/ml to 100 fg/ml. This was compared to literature that used a commercial sensor and it was found that the home-built sensor matched or improved on the findings. The project was concluded with a summary and critical review of the device. Future work would include testing with a more definite concentration range of the protein and the development of a potentiostatic circuit. | en_ZA |
| dc.description.abstract | AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Tuberkulose is ‘n oordraagbare siekte wat een van die hoof oorsake vir sterftes in die wêreld is. Die huidige toetsmetodes wat gebruik word om tuberkulose te diagnoseer is nie sensitief genoeg nie en is duur om uit te voer. Die toetse is nie aanpasbaar vir individuele pasiëntie nie, end dus is dit moeilik om kinders akkuraat te diagnoseer. Dit is uitsonderlik moeilik om tuberkulose in die vroeë stadium van infeksie te diagnoseer, aangesien die bakterieë nie volop in die pasiënt se sputummonsters voorkom nie. Daar is ‘n ernstige tekort aan toetse wat Tuberkulose spoedig en akkuraat kan diagnoseer. Hierdie projek pak die bogenoemde probleem aan deur ‘n elektrochemiese biosensor te ontwikkel om die konstentrasie van interferon gamma in ‘n vloeistof te kwantifiseer. Interferon gamma is ‘n proteiën wat vrygestel word sodra ‘n individu in kontak kom met tuberkulose. Die projek se doelwitte was om die chemie vas te stel deur ‘n kommersiële elektrochemiese sensor te gebruik. Die toetse was suksesvol en ‘n soortgelyke sensor is ontwikkel deur gebruik te maak van produkte wat van die rak af gekoop kan word. Die sensor is getoets met interferon gamma, asook met ‘n etiket molecule, naamlik mierikswortelperoksidase, te same met die proteiëne. Die eerste toets het ‘n lineêre stroomaanwins getoon vanaf 1ng/ml tot en met 1pg/ml. Die tweede toets het ‘n lineêre aanwins getoon vanaf 1ng/ml tot met 100fg/ml. Hierdie reslutate is in vergelyking gebring met bestaande navorsing. Die resulatate was soortgelyk, of verbeter, in alle gevalle. Die projek is saamgevat deur ‘n opsomming te maak van al die werk wat voltooit is en die moontlile toekomstige opsies is bespreek. | af_ZA |
| dc.format.extent | 131 pages : illustrations | en_ZA |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/105863 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_ZA | en_ZA |
| dc.publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University | en_ZA |
| dc.rights.holder | Stellenbosch University | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | UCTD | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Electrochemical sensors | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Inducing factor, Interferon-gamma | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Mycobacterium tuberculosis | en_ZA |
| dc.subject | Diagnostic laboratory tests | en_ZA |
| dc.title | Development of an interferon gamma biosensor towards the early detection of tuberculosis | en_ZA |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_ZA |