Diarrhoea and malnutrition

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dc.contributor.authorNel E.D.
dc.date.accessioned2011-05-15T16:18:01Z
dc.date.available2011-05-15T16:18:01Z
dc.date.issued2010
dc.description.abstractThe relationship between diarrhoea and malnutrition is bidirectional: diarrhoea leads to malnutrition while malnutrition aggravates the course of diarrhoea. Many factors contribute to the detrimental effect of diarrhoea on nutrition. Reduced intake (due to anorexia, vomiting, and withholding of feeds), maldigestion, malabsorption, increased nutrient losses, and the effects of the inflammatory response are some of the factors involved. High volume stool losses (greater than 30 ml/kg/day) are associated with a negative balance for protein, fat, and sugar absorption. Enteric infections often cause increased loss of endogenous proteins, particularly after invasive bacterial infections. Initially, the major emphasis of treatment of acute diarrhoea in children is the prevention and treatment of dehydration, electrolyte abnormalities and comorbid conditions. The objectives of diarrhoeal disease management are to prevent weight loss, to encourage catch-up growth during recovery, to shorten the duration and to decrease the impact of the diarrhoea on the child's health. Addressing only diarrhoea or only food security is unlikely to be successful in decreasing the prevalence of malnutrition. Existing evidence provides some guidelines as to the optimal nutritional management of children with diarrhoea and novel treatments may prove to be valuable in future.
dc.description.versionShort Survey
dc.identifier.citationSouth African Journal of Clinical Nutrition
dc.identifier.citation23
dc.identifier.citation1 SUPPL.
dc.identifier.issn16070658
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/14470
dc.subjectarginine
dc.subjectC reactive protein
dc.subjectglutamine
dc.subjectglutamine derivative
dc.subjectinterleukin 6
dc.subjectinterleukin 8
dc.subjectlactose
dc.subjectretinol
dc.subjecttumor necrosis factor alpha
dc.subjectzinc
dc.subjectchild health
dc.subjectchild nutrition
dc.subjectdehydration
dc.subjectdiarrhea
dc.subjectdiet supplementation
dc.subjectdiet therapy
dc.subjectdietary intake
dc.subjectdisease exacerbation
dc.subjectdrug effect
dc.subjectelectrolyte disturbance
dc.subjectenteropathy
dc.subjectEscherichia coli
dc.subjectfood intake
dc.subjecthuman
dc.subjectHuman immunodeficiency virus
dc.subjectHuman immunodeficiency virus infection
dc.subjectinflammation
dc.subjectmalabsorption
dc.subjectmalnutrition
dc.subjectpathophysiology
dc.subjectshort survey
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.subjecttreatment outcome
dc.subjectweight reduction
dc.subjectBacteria (microorganisms)
dc.titleDiarrhoea and malnutrition
dc.typeShort Survey
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