Design and development of a satellite ground station for water resource monitoring

Date
2014-12
Authors
Mafukidze, Harry D.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The SU Department of Forestry has the responsibility to monitor, assess and suggest management processes for water resources in some remote areas. The researchers need information on wind speed, wind direction, soil run-o , absorption and soil drainage. Most of the areas they are targeting have no form of GSM/GPRS coverage. This thesis presents the design and development of a Zigbee based wireless sensor network to send data from distributed sensor nodes to a ground station, all in a remote area. The ground station in turn uses a global commercial satellite communications system to send the eld data to a centralised host computer. This was accomplished through the integration of the most common and popular open source and commercial electronics prototyping platforms, namely, Arduino, Digi XBee radio, Raspberry Pi and Iridium modem. The system relies on an Arduino Uno working as a sensor node, Digi XBee radios for forming wireless mesh and multi-hop networks, Raspberry Pi being the heart of the ground station and the Iridium modem to send data to the master station through the Iridium gateway. A comprehensive literature study was conducted and a prototype of the system implemented. Various tests were conducted to determine and prove the feasibility of the system.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Departement van Bosbou het die verantwoordelikheid om water hulpbronne in afgele e areas te monitor, evalueer en voorstelle te maak tov. die bestuur daarvan. Die navorsers benodig inligting oor windspoed, windrigting, grondwater a oop, -opname en -dreinering. Die meeste van die gebiede ter sprake het geen vorm van GSM / GPRS-dekking nie. Hierdie tesis beskryf die ontwerp en ontwikkeling van 'n Zigbee gebaseerde radio sensornetwerk om data vanaf verspreide sensornodes te stuur na 'n grondstasie. Die grondstasie op sy beurt maak gebruik van 'n globale kommersiele satelliet-kommunikasiestelsel om data van 'n afgele e plek in die veld te stuur na 'n gesentraliseerde rekenaarstelsel. Dit is gedoen deur van die mees algemene en gewilde prototipe oopbron en kommersiele platforms, naamlik Arduino, Digi XBee radio, Raspberry Pi en Iridium modem te integreer. Die sensornodes is gebaseer op 'n Arduino Uno, met Digi XBee radio's vir die radio- multihop netwerk. Die grondstasie is gebou om die Raspberry Pi en stuur data aan na die meesterstasie, via die Iridium modem en satellietstelsel. Na 'n omvattende literatuurstudie, is 'n prototipe van die stelsel ontwerp en geimplementeer. Omvattende toetse is gedoen om die korrekte werking en bruikbaarheid van die stelsel te bewys.
Description
Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
Keywords
Wireless sensor networks, Earth stations (Satellite telecommunication), Remote sensing, Water resources -- Monitoring, Theses -- Electronic engineering, Dissertations -- Electronic engineering, UCTD
Citation