Browsing Research Articles (Medical Microbiology) by Title
Now showing items 1-20 of 53
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Antibiotic stewardship ward rounds and a dedicated prescription chart reduce antibiotic consumption and pharmacy costs without affecting inpatient mortality or re-admission rates
(Public Library of Science, 2013-12-09)Background Antibiotic consumption is a major driver of bacterial resistance. To address the increasing burden of multi-drug resistant bacterial infections, antibiotic stewardship programmes are promoted worldwide to ... -
Antibiotic-resistant Serratia marcescens infection in a hospital
(HMPG, 1979-04)Over a 12-month period, 74 isolates of Serratia marcescens were obtained from various sources at Tygerberg Hospital. The majority of these isolates were from catheterized patients with urinary tract infections, and ... -
Antibody responses to vaccination among South African HIV-exposed and unexposed uninfected infants during the first 2 years of life
(American Society for Microbiology, 2013-01)HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) infants born to HIV-infected mothers from areas in the world with a high burden of infectious disease suffer higher infectious morbidity and mortality than their HIV unexposed uninfected ... -
An appraisal of the uricult dip slide method in the diagnosis of urinary infections
(HMPG, 1973-05)Uricult dip slide urine cultures were compared with standard laboratory plate cultures. Good agreement of bacterial counts was obtained after incubation at 37°C but not at room temperature. Tests of therapeutic activity ... -
Association between clinical and environmental factors and the gut microbiota profiles in young South African children
(Nature Research (part of Springer Nature), 2021)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Differences in the microbiota in populations over age and geographical locations complicate cross-study comparisons, and it is therefore essential to describe the baseline or control microbiota in each ... -
The association between pathogen factors and clinical outcomes in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in a tertiary hospital, Cape Town
(Elsevier on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2019-11-29)Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a serious pathogen, able to cause life-threatening infections such as bacteraemia. The association between S. aureus microbial characteristics and clinical outcomes is under- investigated ... -
B-cell and T-cell activation in South African HIV-1-positive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients
(Medpharm Publications, 2018)Background: Altered immune mechanisms play a critical role in the pathogenesis of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). HIV-1 (HIV) infection is associated with a state of excessive T-cell activation, which can lead to increased ... -
Bacterial infection, antibiotic use and COVID-19 : lessons from the intensive care unit
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2021-04-14)Background. Empirical broad-spectrum antibiotics are frequently prescribed to patients with severe COVID-19, motivated by concern about bacterial coinfection. There is no evidence of benefit from such a strategy, while the ... -
Bedaquiline, moxifloxacin, pretomanid, and pyrazinamide during the first 8 weeks of treatment of patients with drug-susceptible or drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis: a multicentre, open-label, partially randomised, phase 2b trial
(Elsevier, 2019)Background: New anti-tuberculosis regimens that are shorter, simpler, and less toxic than those that are currently available are needed as part of the global effort to address the tuberculosis epidemic. We aimed to investigate ... -
Biofilm formation and adherence characteristics of an Elizabethkingia meningoseptica isolate from Oreochromis mossambicus
(BioMed Central, 2011-05-05)ABSTRACT: Background. Elizabethkingia spp. are opportunistic pathogens often found associated with intravascular device-related bacteraemias and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Their ability to exist as biofilm structures ... -
Biomarkers of HIV-associated cancer
(Libertas Academica, 2014)Cancer biomarkers have provided great opportunities for improving the management of cancer patients by enhancing the efficiency of early detection, diagnosis, and efficacy of treatment. Every cell type has a unique molecular ... -
Can the Xpert MRSA/SA BC assay be used as an antimicrobial stewardship tool? A prospective assay validation and descriptive impact assessment study in a South African setting
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2021-02-15)Background: Positive blood cultures showing Gram positive cocci in clusters signifies either Staphylococcus aureus or the less-virulent coagulase-negative staphylococci. Rapid identification and methicillin susceptibility ... -
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae colonisation in adult inpatients : a point prevalence study
(AOSIS, 2019)Background: Infections caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) have been increasing worldwide in recent years, but data regarding the prevalence and clinical significance of CPE colonisation in South ... -
Carriage of colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in children from communities in Cape Town (Tuberculosis child multidrug-resistant preventive therapy trial sub-study)
(AOSIS, 2021)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Colistin is a last-resort antibiotic against multidrug-resistant, Gram-negative bacteria. Colistin resistance has been described in the clinical settings in South Africa. However, information on carriage ... -
Characterisation of mcr-4.3 in a colistin-resistant Acinetobacter nosocomialis clinical isolate from Cape Town, South Africa
(Elsevier, 2021)Objectives: Colistin resistance in Acinetobacter spp. is increasing, resulting in potentially untreatable noso- comial infections. Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance is of particular concern due to its low fitness cost ... -
Characterisation of mobile colistin resistance genes (mcr‑3 and mcr‑5) in river and storm water in regions of the Western Cape of South Africa
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2021)Background: Colistin is regarded as a last-resort antimicrobial against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), therefore the dissemination of colistin resistance in the environment is of great concern. Horizontal ... -
Characteristics and outcome of children with juvenile dermatomyositis in Cape Town: a cross-sectional study
(BioMed Central, 2016-11-11)Background: Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare idiopathic inflammatory childhood myopathy of uncertain aetiology. The demographic and clinical presentation of JDM may differ by race and geographic regions. Few ... -
Clonal expansion of colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in Cape Town, South Africa
(Elsevier, 2020)Objectives: To describe colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in Cape Town, South Africa. Methods: A. baumannii isolates identified on Vitek 2 Advanced Expert System were collected from Tygerberg Hospital ... -
Deficiency of the seventh component of complement : a case report
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1991)Deficiency of the 7th component of the complement cascade was diagnosed in a white male with recurrent meningococcal infections. This deficiency has not previously been reported in South Africa. -
Differentiation of Klebsiella Enterobacter Serratia organisms
(Health and Medical Publishing Group (HMPG), 1975)Differentiation of 625 strains of bacteria which fulfilled the requirements laid down for the definition of Klebsielleae was carried out using 6 biochemical tests. 546 strains were identified as members of the genus ...
