Browsing Research Articles (Medical Physiology) by Title
Now showing items 35-54 of 54
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A new trial design to accelerate tuberculosis drug development : the Phase IIC Selection Trial with Extended Post-treatment follow-up (STEP)
(BioMed Central, 2016-03-23)Background: The standard 6-month four-drug regimen for the treatment of drug-sensitive tuberculosis has remained unchanged for decades and is inadequate to control the epidemic. Shorter, simpler regimens are urgently ... -
Phase 2b controlled trial of M72/AS01E vaccine to prevent tuberculosis
(Massachusetts Medical Society, 2018-10-25)BACKGROUND: A vaccine to interrupt the transmission of tuberculosis is needed. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial of the M72/AS01E tuberculosis vaccine in Kenya, South ... -
Population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis of the bactericidal activities of sutezolid (PNU-100480) and its major metabolite against intracellular mycobacterium tuberculosis in ex vivo whole-blood cultures of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
(American Society for Microbiology, 2014)Sutezolid (PNU-100480 [U-480]) is an oxazolidinone antimicrobial being developed for the treatment of tuberculosis. An active sulfoxide metabolite (PNU-101603 [U-603]), which reaches concentrations in plasma several times ... -
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in South Africa : a systematic review protocol
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2018-06)Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major source of morbidity and mortality in South Africa, spurred by increased urbanisation and unhealthy lifestyle factors. Local epidemiological data are required to inform ... -
Protection of the ischaemic heart : investigations into the phenomenon of ischaemic preconditioning
(Clinics Cardiv Publishing, 2009-02)Exposure of the heart to one or more short episodes of ischaemia/reperfusion protects the heart against a subsequent prolonged period of ischaemia, as evidenced by a reduction in infarct size and an improvement in ... -
Proteomic analysis of human spermatozoa proteins with oxidative stress
(BioMed Central, 2013-05)Background: Oxidative stress plays a key role in the etiology of male infertility. Significant alterations in the sperm proteome are associated with poor semen quality. The aim of the present study was to examine if elevated ... -
Proteomic analysis of seminal fluid from men exhibiting oxidative stress
(BioMed Central, 2013-09)ABSTRACT: Background: Seminal plasma serves as a natural reservoir of antioxidants. It helps to remove excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently, reduce oxidative stress. Proteomic profiling of ... -
Proteomics : a subcellular look at spermatozoa
(BioMed Central, 2011-03)Abstract. Background. Male-factor infertility presents a vexing problem for many reproductively active couples. Many studies have focused on abnormal sperm parameters. Recent advances in proteomic techniques, especially ... -
Rapid induction of ageing character in brandy products : ageing and general overview
(South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 2012)Ageing is one of the most important and most costly factors determining the quality of distilled beverages. As part of a broader study that investigated techniques for the rapid induction of a desirable ageing character in ... -
Rapid induction of ageing character in brandy products. Part I. Effects of extraction media and preparation conditions
(SASEV, 2009-10)The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of different wood types and treatments, and extraction media to induce rapid ageing of brandy. Extracts were prepared from American and French oak, specially prepared ... -
Rapid induction of ageing character in brandy products. Part II, Influence of type of oak
(SASEV, 2009)As part of a broader study that investigated techniques for the rapid induction of the needed ageing character in brandy products, the effect of oak type on quality and chemical composition of oak wood extracts and matured ... -
Rapid induction of ageing character in brandy products. Part III, Influence of toasting
(SASEV, 2009)As part of a broader study that investigated techniques for the rapid induction of the needed ageing character in brandy products, the effect of oak wood toasting on quality and chemical composition of oak wood extracts ... -
Revisiting the relationship between the ejaculatory abstinence period and semen characteristics
(Royan Institute, 2018)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Variation in the ejaculatory abstinence period suggested by different guidance bodies have resulted in a growing concern among researchers and clinicians over what the precise period of ejaculatory ... -
Spermatozoa : a historical perspective
(Royan Institute, 2018)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The 100,000th scientific article on the subject of spermatozoa was recently published. Numerous studies evaluated the characteristics of this important cell that led to tremendous discoveries. Since its ... -
Toxicity associated with tuberculosis chemotherapy in the REMoxTB study
(BioMed Central, 2018-07-11)Background: The incidence and severity of tuberculosis chemotherapy toxicity is poorly characterised. We used data available from patients in the REMoxTB trial to provide an assessment of the risks associated with the ... -
Treatment with a fixed dose combination antiretroviral therapy drug containing tenofovir, emtricitabine and efavirenz is associated with cardioprotection in high calorie diet-induced obese rats
(Public Library of Science, 2018-12-05)HIV-infection, certain antiretroviral drug classes, especially protease inhibitors (PI), and obesity are associated with increased ischaemic heart disease (IHD) risk. However, the effect of PI-free fixed dose combination ... -
Utility of antioxidants during assisted reproductive techniques : an evidence based review
(BioMed Central, 2014-11-24)Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is a common treatment of choice for many couples facing infertility issues, be it due to male or female factor, or idiopathic. Employment of ART techniques, however, come with its ... -
Weight loss in obese women - exercise v. dietary education
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1990)It was postulated that a nutrition-education programme was as effective an adjunct to a diet-based weight-loss programme as an exercise regimen. Forty-five obese female volunteers were placed on the same 5000 kJ diet and ... -
Xpert MTB/RIF assay shows faster clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA with higher levels of rifapentine exposure
(American Society for Microbiology, 2016-12)The Xpert MTB/RIF assay is both sensitive and specific as a diagnostic test. Xpert also reports quantitative output in cycle threshold (CT ) values, which may provide a dynamic measure of sputum bacillary burden when used ...
