Browsing Research Articles (Medical Physiology) by Title

Now showing items 54-73 of 83

    • New emphasis on atrial cardiology 

      Mouton, R.; Lochner, De J. V.; Lochner, A. (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1992)
      Based on the concept that the cardiac muscle is differentiated mainly for excitation, conduction and contraction, cardiology has for many years focused mainly on the ventricles, with comparatively little attention to ...

    • A new trial design to accelerate tuberculosis drug development : the Phase IIC Selection Trial with Extended Post-treatment follow-up (STEP) 

      Phillips, Patrick P. J.; Dooley, Kelly E.; Gillespie, Stephen H.; Heinrich, Norbert; Stout, Jason E.; Nahid, Payam; Diacon, Andreas H.; Aarnoutse, Rob E.; Kibiki, Gibson S.; Boeree, Martin J.; Hoelscher, Michael (BioMed Central, 2016-03-23)
      Background: The standard 6-month four-drug regimen for the treatment of drug-sensitive tuberculosis has remained unchanged for decades and is inadequate to control the epidemic. Shorter, simpler regimens are urgently ...

    • Nutritional support in sepsis : when less may be more 

      Van Niekerk, Gustav; Meaker, Charne; Engelbrecht, Anna-Mart (BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2020-02-14)
      Despite sound basis to suspect that aggressive and early administration of nutritional support may hold therapeutic benefits during sepsis, recommendations for nutritional support have been somewhat underwhelming. ...

    • Phase 2b controlled trial of M72/AS01E vaccine to prevent tuberculosis 

      Van der Meeren, Olivier; Hatherill, Mark; Nduba, Videlis; Wilkinson, Robert J.; Muyoyeta, Monde; Van Brakel, Elana; Ayles, Helen M.; Henostroza, German; Thienemann, Friedrich; Scriba, Thomas J.; Diacon, Andreas; Blatner, Gretta L.; Demoitie, Marie-Ange; Tameris, Michele; Malahleha, Mookho; Innes, James C.; Hellstrom, Elizabeth; Martinson, Neil; Singh, Tina; Akite, Elaine J.; Khatoon Azam, Aisha; Bollaerts, Anne; Ginsberg, Ann M.; Evans, Thomas G.; Gillard, Paul; Tait, Dereck R. (Massachusetts Medical Society, 2018-10-25)
      BACKGROUND: A vaccine to interrupt the transmission of tuberculosis is needed. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial of the M72/AS01E tuberculosis vaccine in Kenya, South ...

    • Population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis of the bactericidal activities of sutezolid (PNU-100480) and its major metabolite against intracellular mycobacterium tuberculosis in ex vivo whole-blood cultures of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis 

      Zhu, Tong; Friedrich, Sven O.; Diacon, Andreas; Wallis, Robert S. (American Society for Microbiology, 2014)
      Sutezolid (PNU-100480 [U-480]) is an oxazolidinone antimicrobial being developed for the treatment of tuberculosis. An active sulfoxide metabolite (PNU-101603 [U-603]), which reaches concentrations in plasma several times ...

    • The prevalence of exercise-induced broncho-constriction in Cape Town schoolchildren 

      Terblanche, E.; Stewart, R. I. (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1990)
      An attempt was made to determine: (i) the prevalence of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction among white and coloured schoolchildren in Cape Town; and (ii) the validity of an exercise test for the diagnosis of asthma in ...

    • The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in South Africa : a systematic review protocol 

      Pheiffer, Carmen; Pillay-Van Wyk, Victoria; Joubert, Jane D.; Levitt, Naomi; Nglazi, Mweete D.; Bradshaw, Debbie (BMJ Publishing Group, 2018-06)
      Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major source of morbidity and mortality in South Africa, spurred by increased urbanisation and unhealthy lifestyle factors. Local epidemiological data are required to inform ...

    • Protection of the ischaemic heart : investigations into the phenomenon of ischaemic preconditioning 

      Lochner, A.; Marais, E.; Genade, S.; Huisamen, B.; Du Toit, E. F.; Moolman, J. A. (Clinics Cardiv Publishing, 2009-02)
      Exposure of the heart to one or more short episodes of ischaemia/reperfusion protects the heart against a subsequent prolonged period of ischaemia, as evidenced by a reduction in infarct size and an improvement in ...

    • Proteomic analysis of human spermatozoa proteins with oxidative stress 

      Sharma, Rakesh; Agarwal, Ashok; Mohanty, Gayatri; Hamada, Alaa J.; Gopalan, Banu; Willard, Belinda; Yadav, Satya; Du Plessis, Stefan (BioMed Central, 2013-05)
      Background: Oxidative stress plays a key role in the etiology of male infertility. Significant alterations in the sperm proteome are associated with poor semen quality. The aim of the present study was to examine if elevated ...

    • Proteomic analysis of seminal fluid from men exhibiting oxidative stress 

      Sharma, Rakesh; Agarwal, Ashok; Mohanty, Gayatri; Du Plessis, Stefan S.; Gopalan, Banu; Willard, Belinda; Yadav, Satya P.; Sabanegh, Edmund (BioMed Central, 2013-09)
      ABSTRACT: Background: Seminal plasma serves as a natural reservoir of antioxidants. It helps to remove excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and consequently, reduce oxidative stress. Proteomic profiling of ...

    • Proteomics : a subcellular look at spermatozoa 

      Du Plessis, Stefan S.; Kashou, Anthony H.; Benjamin, David J.; Yadav, Satya P.; Agarwal, Ashok (BioMed Central, 2011-03)
      Abstract. Background. Male-factor infertility presents a vexing problem for many reproductively active couples. Many studies have focused on abnormal sperm parameters. Recent advances in proteomic techniques, especially ...

    • Rapid induction of ageing character in brandy products : ageing and general overview 

      Van Jaarsveld, F. P.; Hattingh, S. M. (South African Society for Enology and Viticulture, 2012)
      Ageing is one of the most important and most costly factors determining the quality of distilled beverages. As part of a broader study that investigated techniques for the rapid induction of a desirable ageing character in ...

    • Rapid induction of ageing character in brandy products. Part I. Effects of extraction media and preparation conditions 

      Van Jaarsveld, F. P.; Hattingh, S.; Minnaar, P.; Blom, M. (SASEV, 2009-10)
      The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of different wood types and treatments, and extraction media to induce rapid ageing of brandy. Extracts were prepared from American and French oak, specially prepared ...

    • Rapid induction of ageing character in brandy products. Part II, Influence of type of oak 

      Van Jaarsveld, F. P.; Hattingh, S.; Minnaar, P. (SASEV, 2009)
      As part of a broader study that investigated techniques for the rapid induction of the needed ageing character in brandy products, the effect of oak type on quality and chemical composition of oak wood extracts and matured ...

    • Rapid induction of ageing character in brandy products. Part III, Influence of toasting 

      Van Jaarsveld, F. P.; Hattingh, S.; Minnaar, P. (SASEV, 2009)
      As part of a broader study that investigated techniques for the rapid induction of the needed ageing character in brandy products, the effect of oak wood toasting on quality and chemical composition of oak wood extracts ...

    • Revisiting the relationship between the ejaculatory abstinence period and semen characteristics 

      Ayad, Bashir M.; Van der Horst, Gerhard; Du Plessis, Stefan S. (Royan Institute, 2018)
      ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Variation in the ejaculatory abstinence period suggested by different guidance bodies have resulted in a growing concern among researchers and clinicians over what the precise period of ejaculatory ...

    • Sanguinarine Non- Versus Re-Circulation During Isolated Heart Perfusion - A Jekyll and Hyde Effect? 

      Webster, Ingrid; Smith, Angelique; Huisamen, Barbara; Lochner, Amanda (Springer, 2014)

    • Shock lung : experimental studies on a haemorrhagic hypovolaemic rabbit model 

      Engelbrecht, F. M.; Mouton, W. L.; Van Schalkwyk, L. J. (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1983)
      An experimental model of haemorrhagic hypotension was standardized using rabbits to investigate the shock lung syndrome over a period of 120 minutes. Acute hypovolaemia was induced by withdrawal of blood under anaesthesia ...

    • Spermatozoa : a historical perspective 

      Suarez, Jenniffer Puerta; Du Plessis, Stefan S.; Maya, Walter D. C. (Royan Institute, 2018)
      ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The 100,000th scientific article on the subject of spermatozoa was recently published. Numerous studies evaluated the characteristics of this important cell that led to tremendous discoveries. Since its ...

    • The standard of spirometry in the RSA 

      Basson, E.; Stewart, R. I. (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1991)
      Standards for high-quality lung function testing have not yet been formally adopted in the RSA, despite the increase in the performance of spirometry. A study was undertaken to determine the standard of spirometry in ...