Browsing Research Articles (Physiological Sciences) by Title
Now showing items 1-20 of 48
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Anti-inflammatory cellular targets on neutrophils elucidated using a novel cell migration model and confocal microscopy : a clinical supplementation study
(BioMed Central, 2018-01-05)Background In vivo studies have shown grape seed-derived polyphenols (GSP) to benefit in recovery from muscle injury by modulation of neutrophil infiltration into damaged tissue, thereby reducing secondary ... -
Aspalathin protects the heart against hyperglycemia-induced oxidative damage by up-regulating Nrf2 expression
(MDPI, 2017)Aspalathin (ASP) can protect H9c2 cardiomyocytes against high glucose (HG)-induced shifts in myocardial substrate preference, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. The protective mechanism of ASP remains unknown. However, as ... -
Bcl‑2 confers survival in cisplatin treated cervical cancer cells: circumventing cisplatin dose‑dependent toxicity and resistance
(BioMed Central, 2015-10)Background: Cisplatin is the main chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of cervical cancers, however resistance to cisplatin is increasingly common and therefore has limited the efficacy and use of this drug in the ... -
Bone mineral density in people living with HIV : a narrative review of the literature
(BioMed Central, 2017-07-26)Bone health status is largely absent in South Africa, the main reasons being the absence and cost-effectiveness of specific screening equipment for assessing bone mineral density (BMD). Various risk factors seem to play a ... -
Cardio-metabolic effects of HIV protease inhibitors (Lopinavir/Ritonavir)
(PLoS, 2013-11)Although antiretroviral treatment decreases HIV-AIDS morbidity/mortality, long-term side effects may include the onset of insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible ... -
Central intracrine DHEA synthesis in ageing-related neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration : therapeutic potential?
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2018-10-16)It is a well-known fact that DHEA declines on ageing and that it is linked to ageing-related neurodegeneration, which is characterised by gradual cognitive decline. Although DHEA is also associated with inflammation in ... -
Commentary on : "A common origin for immunity and digestion"
(Frontiers Media, 2015-05)No abstract -
A dietary survey of free living middle aged White males in the Western Cape
(Health and Medical Publishing Group (HMPG), 1974)[No abstract available] -
Distinct gender differences in anthropometric profiles of a peri-urban South African HIV population : a cross sectional study
(BioMed Central, 2015-02)Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has extended life expectancy and enhanced the well-being of HIV-positive individuals. Since there are concerns regarding HAART-mediated onset of cardio-metabolic ... -
Domesticating cancer : an evolutionary strategy in the war on cancer
(Frontiers Media, 2017)Since cancer shares the same molecular machinery as the host, most therapeutic interventions that aim to target cancer would inadvertently also adversely affect the host. In addition, cancer continuously evolves, streamlining ... -
The effect of dietary red palm oil on the functional recovery of the ischaemic/reperfused isolated rat heart : the involvement of the PI3-Kinase signaling pathway
(BioMed Central, 2009-05)We have previously shown that dietary red palm oil (RPO) supplementation improves functional recovery in hearts subjected to ischaemia/reperfusion-induced injury. Unfortunately, the cellular and molecular mechanisms ... -
Endocrine and immune effects of dexamethasone in unilateral total knee replacement
(SAGE Publications, 2006)The effect of acute pre-surgery dexamethasone treatment on the inflammatory immune and endocrine responses to orthopaedic surgery was investigated. Whole blood samples were obtained before and 5 days after surgery for ... -
Enhanced therapeutic efficacy in cancer patients by short-term fasting : the autophagy connection
(Frontiers Media, 2016)Preclinical studies suggest that fasting prior to chemotherapy may be an effective strategy to protect patients against the adverse effects of chemo-toxicity. Fasting may also sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. It is ... -
Gender differences in metabolic risk factor prevalence in a South African student population
(Clinics Cardiv Publishing, 2009-06)We determined selected risk factors for the metabolic syndrome and assessed the metabolic risk status (using IDF criteria) of third-year physiology students at Stellenbosch University (88 males and 178 females). Outcome ... -
Genetic polymorphisms of organic cation transporters 1 (OCT1) and responses to metformin therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus : a systematic review protocol
(BioMed Central, 2018-07-25)Background: Metformin is one of the most commonly used drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite its efficacy and safety, metformin is frequently associated with highly variable glycemic responses, which is ... -
Hyperglycaemia in critically ill patients : the immune system’s sweet tooth
(BioMed Central, 2017)There is an ongoing debate regarding the efficacy of glycaemic control in critically ill patients. Here we briefly highlight the key function of elevated glucose in critically ill patients, namely, to enable elevation of ... -
Illuminating the interrelated immune and endocrine adaptations after multiple exposures to short immobilization stress by in vivo blocking of IL-6
(American Physiological Society, 2006-12)ACUTE PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS is known to activate the hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, resulting in transiently increased release of inflammatory cytokines (28) and glucocorticoids (45). In contrast, multiple ... -
The inflammatory effects of TNF-α and complement component 3 on coagulation
(Nature Publishing Group, 2018)Tissue necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and complement component 3 (C3) are two well-known pro-inflammatory molecules. When TNF-α is upregulated, it contributes to changes in coagulation and causes C3 induction. They both interact ... -
Introduction of sugar tax in South Africa : placebo or panacea to curb the onset of cardio-metabolic diseases?
(South African Heart Association, 2017)During 2016 an announcement was made that South Africans will be obliged to pay a 20% “sugar tax’’ that will soon be implemented in order to help curb the rising prevalence of cardio-metabolic diseases. This announcement ... -
A Lanosteryl triterpene from Protorhus longifolia augments insulin signaling in type 1 diabetic rats
(BMC (part of Springer Nature), 2018-10-01)Background: A substantial literature supports antidiabetic properties of the lanosteryl triterpene (methyl-3β- hydroxylanosta-9,24-dien-21-oate, RA-3) isolated from Protorhus longifolia stem bark. However, the ...
