Browsing Masters Degrees (Medical Virology) by Title
Now showing items 1-20 of 44
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The apoptotic potential of different HIV-1 subtype C Tat mutations in cell culture
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013-03)The efficiency in which HIV-1 can infect, spread and evade the attack of therapeutic agents can be attributed to a high mutation rate and frequent recombination events. These factors have collectively contributed to the ... -
B lymphocyte activation and exhaustion in chronic HIV : novel surrogate markers of generalised immune activation and selective modulation of aberrant B cell responses using vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015-04)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Chronic HIV-1 infection is characterized by immune activation and dysregulation of immune homeostasis, which impacts on multiple immune cell types. The B-cell compartment, which plays an ... -
The characterisation and expression of HIV-1 subtype C gag
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The gag gene of HIV-1 encodes for one of the major structural proteins, which contains several conserved cytotoxic T cell (CTL) epitopes. Gag specific CTL responses are important in controlling viral ... -
Characterisation of new full-length HIV-1 subtype D viruses from South Africa
(2004-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The first episode of HIV-1 in South Africa was documented in 1982. Homosexual transmission of the virus was the predominate mode of transmission in an epidemic of mainly HIV-1 subtype Band D infections. ... -
Characterisation of the HIV-1 subtype C Env gene and the expression of the Env protein from selected isolates in mammalian cells
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: At the end of 2002, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) had infected 42 million people worldwide. The morbidity and mortality rate, as well as the epidemic proportions of the disease have led to ... -
Characterization of HIV-1 subtype B near full-length genome sequences identified at the start of HIV epidemic in South Africa
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-03)ENGLISH SUMMARY: South Africa is home to approximately 20.0% of the global Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected population. The first reported cases of HIV-1 in the country were described in 1982 amongst the homosexual ... -
Coreceptor expression and T lymphocyte subset distribution in HIV-infected and TB co-infected South African patients on anti-retroviral therapy
(Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In 2007, AIDS caused an estimated 2.1 millions deaths worldwide; about 70% in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV preferentially targets activated CD4 T cells, expressing the major HIV receptor CD4, as well as the ... -
Delays in HIV-1 infant PCR testing may leave children without confirmed diagnoses
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2021-12)Background The early diagnosis and confirmation of HIV infection in newborns is crucial for expedited antiretroviral therapy initiation. Confirmatory testing must be done for all children with a reactive HIV PCR result. ... -
Development of selective real-time PCR (SPCR) asays for the detection of K103N resistance mutation in minor HIV-1 populations
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: The conventional sequence analysis is the most common method used for the detection of drug-resistant mutants. Due to its sensitivity limitations, it is unable to detect these mutants when ... -
Dried plasma spot testing – the answer for making blood transfusion testing safer in africa?
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2018-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has a unique set of challenges pertaining to blood transfusion. Two of the largest contributing factors are: (1) the most common disease states in SSA require large amounts of ... -
Erythrocyte apoptosis (erythroptosis) and anaemia in chronic HIV-1 infection : relationship with immune activation and viraemia
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Chronic HIV-1 infection is characterized by extensive inflammation/immune activation and also by anaemia. Macrophages and neutrophils produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) which can cause damage to ... -
HIV-1 molecular diversity and drug resistance mutations amongst immuno-competent, therapy naïve infants/children and adults in Yaounde, Cameroon
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-12)Background: In Cameroon, HIV infections range between 550, 000 to 690, 000 for adults aged 15 to 49 years and a prevalence rate at 4.5%. In children of 0 – 14 years, HIV infections range between 34, 000 to 44, 000. The ... -
Improved methods to recover HIV-1 integrated proviruses and integration sites
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2020-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background Long-lived HIV-1 infected cells that form part of the latent HIV-1 reservoir represent a major barrier to HIV-1 cure despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). The majority of these cells contribute ... -
In-house genotypic antiretroviral resistance test : optimisation and validation for use in research and diagnostics
(Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011-03)It is estimated that 32.8 million people are living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) globally with the number of people receiving antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle- income counties increasing to more than ... -
Investigating HIV-1 DNA and HIV-1 RNA kinetics with ultrasensitive assays in very early treated infants and determining predictors associated with kinetics in older treated children
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2019-12)Background The impact of early initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on HIV-1 persistence has been characterised in adult cohorts and in well-suppressed children on continuous therapy. These studies have shown that ... -
Investigating the aetiology of respiratory tract infections in children admitted to Tygerberg Children’s Hospital using molecular methods and viral culture
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012-12)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction Acute respiratory tract infections cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, and are the main reason for the utilisation of health care services. Identifying the aetiological ... -
Investigating the fitness benefit of reverse transcriptase (RT) mutation A62V when co-occurring with M184V and K65R in HIV-1 subtype C
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2016-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background and Aims Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and lamivudine (3TC) or emtricitabine (FTC) combined with efavirenz is the predominant first-line antiretroviral regimen in the Southern African ... -
Investigating the host range of Neoromicia capensis coronavirus in vitro
(2019-04)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Coronaviruses are known to cause disease in humans and animals. Two important human coronaviruses that have caused epidemics are severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East ... -
An investigation of hepatitis B virus in antenatal women tested for human immunodeficiency virus, in the Western Cape Province of South Africa
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012-03)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) immunisation protocols in much of Africa are based on data from the pre-human immunodeficiency virus (pre-HIV) era that indicated that HBV transmission occurs predominantly ... -
Investigation of the HIV diversity in the Cape Winelands, Overberg and West Coast districts of the Western Cape Province of South Africa
(Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2017-03)ENGLISH SUMMARY: The Western Cape Province of South Africa has a well-established program that monitors active combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) against HIV-1. The HIV-1 prevalence rate in the Province has increased ...
