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Evaluating the BED capture enzyme immunoassay to estimate HIV incidence among adults in three countries in sub-Saharan Africa
(2010)
Serological assays for estimating HIV-1 incidence are prone to misclassification, limiting the accuracy of the incidence estimate. Adjustment factors have been developed and recommended for estimating assay-based HIV-1 ...
Interferon-gamma release assays for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children with cancer
(2010)
SETTING: The paediatric oncology unit at Tygerberg Children's Hospital, South Africa. OBJECTIVES: To assess the use of the tuberculin skin test (TST) and two commercial interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) for the ...
Early mortality and loss to follow-up in HIV-infected children starting antiretroviral therapy in Southern Africa
(2010)
Background: Many HIV-infected children in Southern Africa have been started on antiretroviral therapy (ART), but loss to follow up (LTFU) can be substantial. We analyzed mortality in children retained in care and in all ...
Pyridoxal-5-phosphate plasma concentrations in children receiving tuberculosis chemotherapy including isoniazid
(2010)
Aim: Little is known about pyridoxine nutriture of children treated with isoniazid (INH) regimens. This study documents plasma pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) concentrations in children, HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected, ...
Temporal changes in programme outcomes among adult patients initiating antiretroviral therapy across South Africa, 2002-2007
(2010)
Objective: Little is known about the temporal impact of the rapid scale-up of large antiretroviral therapy (ART) services on programme outcomes. We describe patient outcomes [mortality, loss-to-follow-up (LTFU) and retention] ...
Comparison of two active case-finding strategies for community-based diagnosis of symptomatic smear-positive tuberculosis and control of infectious tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe (DETECTB): A cluster-randomised trial
(2010)
Background Control of tuberculosis in settings with high HIV prevalence is a pressing public health priority. We tested two active case-finding strategies to target long periods of infectiousness before diagnosis, which ...
Rapid on-site evaluation of transbronchial aspirates: Randomised comparison of two methods
(2010)
The value of different staining methods for rapid analysis of transbronchial needle aspirates during bronchoscopy has not been explored. In the present study, we compared a Papanicolaou-based rapid stain, prepared by a ...
Rare case of perplexing ovarian endometriosis
(2010)
Objective: To document a rare case of coexisting endometriosis and mature cystic teratoma in the same ovary. Design: Case report. Setting: Gynecology unit in a tertiary training and teaching hospital in Cape Town, South ...
Tuberculous meningitis-related optic neuritis: Recovery of vision with thalidomide in 4 consecutive cases
(2010)
Blindness is an uncommon but devastating complication of tuberculosis meningitis. The main causes are chronically raised intracranial pressure (hydrocephalus and/or tuberculomas) or direct involvement of the optic chiasm ...
Evaluation of paradoxical TB-associated IRIS with the use of standardized case definitions for resource-limited settings
(2010)
Objective: Standardized case definitions have recently been proposed by the International Network for the Study of HIV-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (INSHI; [IRIS]) for use in resource-limited ...