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Now showing items 1-10 of 13

Evaluating the BED capture enzyme immunoassay to estimate HIV incidence among adults in three countries in sub-Saharan Africa

Kim, A. A.; McDougal, J. S.; Hargrove, J.; Rehle, T.; Pillay-Van Wyk, V.; Puren, A.; Ekra, A.; Borget-Alloue, M. Y.; Adje-Toure, C.; Abdullahi, A. S.; Odawo, L.; Marum, L.; Parekh, B. S. (2010)

Serological assays for estimating HIV-1 incidence are prone to misclassification, limiting the accuracy of the incidence estimate. Adjustment factors have been developed and recommended for estimating assay-based HIV-1 ...

Temporal changes in programme outcomes among adult patients initiating antiretroviral therapy across South Africa, 2002-2007

Cornell M.; Grimsrud A.; Fairall L.; Fox M.P.; Van Cutsem G.; Giddy J.; Wood R.; Prozesky H.; Mohapi L.; Graber C.; Egger M.; Boulle A.; Myer L. (2010)

Objective: Little is known about the temporal impact of the rapid scale-up of large antiretroviral therapy (ART) services on programme outcomes. We describe patient outcomes [mortality, loss-to-follow-up (LTFU) and retention] ...

Comparison of two active case-finding strategies for community-based diagnosis of symptomatic smear-positive tuberculosis and control of infectious tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe (DETECTB): A cluster-randomised trial

Corbett E.L.; Bandason T.; Duong T.; Dauya E.; Makamure B.; Churchyard G.J.; Williams B.G.; Munyati S.S.; Butterworth A.E.; Mason P.R.; Mungofa S.; Hayes R.J. (2010)

Background Control of tuberculosis in settings with high HIV prevalence is a pressing public health priority. We tested two active case-finding strategies to target long periods of infectiousness before diagnosis, which ...

Rapid on-site evaluation of transbronchial aspirates: Randomised comparison of two methods

Diacon A.H.; Koegelenberg C.F.N.; Schubert P.; Brundyn K.; Louw M.; Wright C.A.; Bolliger C.T. (2010)

The value of different staining methods for rapid analysis of transbronchial needle aspirates during bronchoscopy has not been explored. In the present study, we compared a Papanicolaou-based rapid stain, prepared by a ...

Rare case of perplexing ovarian endometriosis

Van Der Merwe J.L.; Siebert I.; Van Wyk A.C. (2010)

Objective: To document a rare case of coexisting endometriosis and mature cystic teratoma in the same ovary. Design: Case report. Setting: Gynecology unit in a tertiary training and teaching hospital in Cape Town, South ...

Evaluation of paradoxical TB-associated IRIS with the use of standardized case definitions for resource-limited settings

Eshun-Wilson I.; Havers F.; Nachega J.B.; Prozesky H.W.; Taljaard J.J.; Zeier M.D.; Cotton M.; Simon G.; Soentjens P. (2010)

Objective: Standardized case definitions have recently been proposed by the International Network for the Study of HIV-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (INSHI; [IRIS]) for use in resource-limited ...

Inhibitors and facilitators of willingness to participate (WTP) in an HIV vaccine trial: Construction and initial validation of the Inhibitors and Facilitators of Willingness to Participate Scale (WPS) among women at risk for HIV infection

Fincham D.; Kagee A.; Swartz L. (2010)

A psychometric scale assessing inhibitors and facilitators of willingness to participate (WTP) in an HIV vaccine trial has not yet been developed. This study aimed to construct and derive the exploratory factor structure ...

High mortality from respiratory failure secondary to swine-origin influenza a (h1n1) in south africa

Koegelenberg C.F.N.; Irusen E.M.; Cooper R.; Diacon A.H.; Taljaard J.J.; Mowlana A.; Von Groote-Bidlingmaier F.; Bolliger C.T. (2010)

Background: The novel influenza A (H1N1) pandemic affected South Africa late during the 2009 Southern hemisphere winter and placed an extra burden on a health care system already dealing with a high prevalence of chronic ...

Characterization of HIV type 1 genetic diversity among South African participants enrolled in the AIDS Vaccine Integrated Project (AVIP) Study

Papathanasopoulos M.A.; Vardas E.; Wallis C.; Glashoff R.; Butto S.; Poli G.; Malnati M.; Clerici M.; Ensoli B. (2010)

The genetic diversity of HIV-1 strains circulating among HIV-1-infected South Africans was investigated in a cohort of 420 individuals enrolled as part of the AIDS Vaccine Integrated Project (AVIP) study. Representative ...

Time to detection of the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in MGIT 960 for determining the early bactericidal activity of antituberculosis agentsTime to detection of the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in MGIT 960 for determining the early bactericidal activity of antituberculosis agents

Diacon A.H.; Maritz J.S.; Venter A.; Van Helden P.D.; Andries K.; McNeeley D.F.; Donald P.R.; Diacon A.H.; Maritz J.S.; Venter A.; Van Helden P.D.; Andries K.; McNeeley D.F.; Donald P.R. (2010)

Evaluation of early bactericidal activity (EBA) by the determination of a fall in viable colony-forming units (CFU) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum is a first step in the clinical study of new antituberculosis ...