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Evaluating the BED capture enzyme immunoassay to estimate HIV incidence among adults in three countries in sub-Saharan Africa

Kim, A. A.; McDougal, J. S.; Hargrove, J.; Rehle, T.; Pillay-Van Wyk, V.; Puren, A.; Ekra, A.; Borget-Alloue, M. Y.; Adje-Toure, C.; Abdullahi, A. S.; Odawo, L.; Marum, L.; Parekh, B. S. (2010)

Serological assays for estimating HIV-1 incidence are prone to misclassification, limiting the accuracy of the incidence estimate. Adjustment factors have been developed and recommended for estimating assay-based HIV-1 ...

Interferon-gamma release assays for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children with cancer

Stefan D.C.; Dippenaar A.; Detjen A.K.; Schaaf H.S.; Marais B.J.; Kriel B.; Loebenberg L.; Walzl G.; Hesseling A.C. (2010)

SETTING: The paediatric oncology unit at Tygerberg Children's Hospital, South Africa. OBJECTIVES: To assess the use of the tuberculin skin test (TST) and two commercial interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) for the ...

Early mortality and loss to follow-up in HIV-infected children starting antiretroviral therapy in Southern Africa

Fenner L.; Brinkhof M.W.G.; Keiser O.; Weigel R.; Cornell M.; Moultrie H.; Prozesky H.; Technau K.; Eley B.; Vaz P.; Pascoe M.; Giddy J.; Van Cutsem G.; Wood R.; Egger M.; Davies M.-A. (2010)

Background: Many HIV-infected children in Southern Africa have been started on antiretroviral therapy (ART), but loss to follow up (LTFU) can be substantial. We analyzed mortality in children retained in care and in all ...

Pyridoxal-5-phosphate plasma concentrations in children receiving tuberculosis chemotherapy including isoniazid

Cilliers K.; Labadarios D.; Schaaf H.S.; Willemse M.; Maritz J.S.; Werely C.J.; Hussey G.; Donald P.R. (2010)

Aim: Little is known about pyridoxine nutriture of children treated with isoniazid (INH) regimens. This study documents plasma pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) concentrations in children, HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected, ...

Evaluation of paradoxical TB-associated IRIS with the use of standardized case definitions for resource-limited settings

Eshun-Wilson I.; Havers F.; Nachega J.B.; Prozesky H.W.; Taljaard J.J.; Zeier M.D.; Cotton M.; Simon G.; Soentjens P. (2010)

Objective: Standardized case definitions have recently been proposed by the International Network for the Study of HIV-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (INSHI; [IRIS]) for use in resource-limited ...

Positive futures: A qualitative study on the needs of adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in South Africa

Li R.J.; Jaspan H.B.; O'Brien V.; Rabie H.; Cotton M.F.; Nattrass N. (2010)

With the increasing availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy, vertically infected children have a better chance of surviving into adolescence and adulthood. Additionally, sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency ...

High mortality from respiratory failure secondary to swine-origin influenza a (h1n1) in south africa

Koegelenberg C.F.N.; Irusen E.M.; Cooper R.; Diacon A.H.; Taljaard J.J.; Mowlana A.; Von Groote-Bidlingmaier F.; Bolliger C.T. (2010)

Background: The novel influenza A (H1N1) pandemic affected South Africa late during the 2009 Southern hemisphere winter and placed an extra burden on a health care system already dealing with a high prevalence of chronic ...

Renal manifestations in children co-infected with HIV and disseminated tuberculosis

Nourse P.J.; Cotton M.F.; Bates W.D. (2010)

Many children in Cape Town are co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB). Granulomatous TB interstitial nephritis is a recognized entity. Our objective was to establish if TB plays a role ...

Characterization of HIV type 1 genetic diversity among South African participants enrolled in the AIDS Vaccine Integrated Project (AVIP) Study

Papathanasopoulos M.A.; Vardas E.; Wallis C.; Glashoff R.; Butto S.; Poli G.; Malnati M.; Clerici M.; Ensoli B. (2010)

The genetic diversity of HIV-1 strains circulating among HIV-1-infected South Africans was investigated in a cohort of 420 individuals enrolled as part of the AIDS Vaccine Integrated Project (AVIP) study. Representative ...

Long-term outcome of surgically managed necrotizing enterocolitis in a developing country

Arnold M.; Moore S.W.; Sidler D.; Kirsten G.F. (2010)

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious condition with a high morbidity and mortality commonly affecting premature babies. Data for the impact of the longterm disease burden in developing countries are limited although ...