HIV and childhood tuberculosis: The way forward

Date
2004
Authors
Cotton M.F.
Schaaf H.S.
Hesseling A.C.
Madhi S.A.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Tuberculosis has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality in under-resourced communities. By causing progressive immunodeficiency, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases susceptibility to tuberculosis in an already vulnerable community. Similarities in clinical presentation and radiological appearance contribute to diagnostic difficulties, as even in the absence of HIV childhood tuberculosis is not easy to diagnose. The majority of studies thus far have been descriptive and often cross-sectional, but have defined the extent of this complex interaction. There is now a need to undertake prospective diagnostic, therapeutic and prevention studies. An emerging concern is how to integrate antiretroviral with anti-tuberculosis treatment and to explore whether lessons learned in tuberculosis can support antiretroviral therapy. Interactions between therapies for both conditions also need careful study.
Description
Keywords
antiretrovirus agent, BCG vaccine, efavirenz, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, rifampicin, ritonavir, tuberculostatic agent, adult respiratory distress syndrome, BCG vaccination, chemoprophylaxis, child, clinical feature, clinical trial, conference paper, differential diagnosis, directly observed therapy, disease association, disease exacerbation, disease predisposition, drug dose regimen, drug tolerability, fever, health care planning, human, Human immunodeficiency virus, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, injection site, lymphadenopathy, malnutrition, morbidity, mortality, nucleic acid amplification, patient compliance, pediatrics, pleura effusion, polymerase chain reaction, preventive medicine, priority journal, prospective study, scoring system, side effect, systemic disease, thorax radiography, treatment planning, tuberculin test, tuberculoma, tuberculosis, vulnerable population, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Antitubercular Agents, BCG Vaccine, Child, HIV Infections, Humans, Tuberculosis
Citation
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
8
5