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Larger subcortical gray matter structures and smaller corpora callosa at age 5 years in HIV infected children on early ART

Randall, Steven R.; Warton, Christopher M. R.; Holmes, Martha J.; Cotton, Mark F.; Laughton, Barbara; Van der Kouwe, Andre J. W.; Meintjes, Ernesta M. (Frontiers Media, 2017)

Sub-Saharan Africa is home to 90% of HIV infected (HIV+) children. Since the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV/AIDS has transitioned to a chronic condition where central nervous system (CNS) damage may be ongoing. ...

White matter abnormalities in children with HIV infection and exposure

Jankiewicz, Marcin; Holmes, Martha J.; Taylor, Paul A.; Cotton, Mark F.; Laughton, Barbara; Van der Kouwe, Andre J. W.; Meintjes, Ernesta M. (Frontiers Media, 2017)

Background: Due to changes in guidelines and access to treatment, more children start combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) in infancy. With few studies examining the long-term effects of perinatal HIV infection and ...

No evidence of HIV replication in children on antiretroviral therapy

Van Zyl, Gert U.; Katusiime, Mary Grace; Wiegand, Ann; McManus, William R.; Bale, Michael J.; Halvas, Elias K.; Luke, Brian; Boltz, Valerie F.; Spindler, Jonathan; Laughton, Barbara; Engelbrecht, Susan; Coffin, John M.; Cotton, Mark F.; Shao, Wei; Mellors, John W.; Kearney, Mary F. (American Society for Clinical Investigation, 2017-04)

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: It remains controversial whether current antiretroviral therapy (ART) fully suppresses the cycles of HIV replication and viral evolution in vivo. If replication persists in sanctuary sites such as the ...

Neurodevelopment in perinatally HIV-infected children : a concern for adolescence

Laughton, Barbara; Cornell, Morna; Boivin, Michael; Van Rie, Annelies (International AIDS Society, 2013-06-18)

Globally, an estimated 3.4 million children are living with HIV, yet little is known about the effects of HIV and antiretroviral treatment (ART) on the developing brain, and the neurodevelopmental and behavioural outcomes ...

Longitudinal increases of brain metabolite levels in 5-10 year old children

Holmes, Martha J.; Robertson, Frances C.; Little, Francesca; Randall, Steven R.; Cotton, Mark F.; Van der Kouwe, Andre J. W.; Laughton, Barbara; Meintjes, Ernesta M. (Public Library of Science, 2017)

Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies reveal significant changes in brain structure and structural networks that occur together with cognitive and behavioral maturation ...

Neurodevelopment at 11 months after starting antiretroviral therapy within 3 weeks of life

Laughton, Barbara; Naidoo, Shalena; Dobbels, Els; Boivin, Michael J.; Janse van Rensburg, Anita; Glashoff, Richard H.; Van Zyl, Gert U.; Kruger, Mariana; Cotton, Mark F. (AOSIS, 2019-10-03)

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) started between 7 and 12 weeks of age improves neurodevelopmental outcomes in HIV-infected (HIV+) infants, but the impact of even earlier initiation is not yet described. Objectives: ...

Five year neurodevelopment outcomes of perinatally HIV-infected children on early limited or deferred continuous antiretroviral therapy

Laughton, Barbara; Cornell, Morna; Kidd, Martin; Springer, Priscilla Estelle; Dobbels, Els; Van Rensburg, Anita Janse; Otwombe, Kennedy; Babiker, Abdel; Gibb, Diana M.; Violari, Avy; Kruger, Mariana; Cotton, Mark F. (Wiley Open Access, 2018)

Introduction: Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved neurodevelopmental outcomes of HIV-infected (HIV-positive) children; however, little is known about the longer term outcomes in infants commencing early ART ...

Characteristics of children with pervasive developmental disorders attending a developmental clinic in the Western Cape Province, South Africa

Springer, P.; Van Toorn, R.; Laughton, Barbara; Kidd, M. (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2013-09)

Background. Little has been published on autism in Africa, and it is not known whether South African children present with the same characteristics and challenges as described internationally. Objectives. To describe the ...

Longitudinal developmental profile of children from low socio-economic circumstances in Cape Town, using the 1996 Griffiths Mental Development Scales

Laughton, Barbara; Springer, P. E.; Grove, D.; Seedat, S.; Cornell, M.; Kidd, M.; Madhi, S. A.; Cotton, M. F. (Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2010)

Background. The Griffiths Mental Development Scales (GMDS) have not been standardised in South African children. Neurodevelopmental scores of infants from deprived environments decline with age, but there is no evidence ...

Functional connectivity alterations between networks and associations with infant immune health within networks in HIV infected children on early treatment : a study at 7 years

Toich, Jadrana T. F.; Taylor, Paul A.; Holmes, Martha J.; Gohel, Suril; Cotton, Mark F.; Dobbels, Els; Laughton, Barbara; Little, Francesca; Van Der Kouwe, Andre J. W.; Biswal, Bharat; Meintjes, Ernesta M. (Frontiers Media, 2018)

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Although HIV has been shown to impact brain connectivity in adults and youth, it is not yet known to what extent long-term early antiretroviral therapy (ART) may alter these effects, especially during ...