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Utility of clinical parameters to identify HIV infection in infants below ten weeks of age in South Africa : a prospective cohort study
(BioMed Central, 2011-11)
ABSTRACT: Background: As HIV-infected infants have high mortality, the World Health Organization now recommends initiating antiretroviral therapy as early as possible in the first year of life. However, in many settings, ...
Early ART results in greater immune reconstitution benefits in HIV-infected infants : working with data missingness in a longitudinal dataset
(Public Library of Science, 2015)
Background:
Early initiation of anti-retroviral treatment (ART) decreases mortality as compared to deferred treatment, but whether it preserves immune cells from early loss or promotes their recovery remains undefined. ...
The association between the ratio of monocytes : lymphocytes at age 3 months and risk of tuberculosis (TB) in the first two years of life
(BioMed Central, 2014-07-17)
Background: Recent transcriptomic studies revived a hypothesis suggested by historical studies in rabbits that the
ratio of peripheral blood monocytes to lymphocytes (ML) is associated with risk of tuberculosis (TB) ...
When to start antiretroviral therapy in infants and children
(AOSIS OpenJournals, 2009-12)
This articles provides a background for antiretroviral therapy in infants and children, incorporating both old and new data. There is increasing data favouring early therapy for all age groups. Below a year of age, all ...
Low vitamin-D levels combined with PKP3-SIGIRR-TMEM16J host variants is associated with tuberculosis and death in HIV-infected and -exposed infants
(Public Library of Science, 2016)
Background:
This study examined the associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and specific host genetic variants that affect vitamin D levels or its effects on immune function, with the risk of TB or mortality in children.
...
Early antiretroviral therapy reduces the incidence of otorrhea in a randomized study of early and deferred antiretroviral therapy : evidence from the Children with HIV Early antiretroviral therapy (CHER) Study.
(2011-10)
Abstract Background Although otorrhea occurs commonly in HIV-infected infants, there are few data. We compared the incidence of otorrhea in infants receiving early vs deferred ART in the Children with HIV Early Antiretroviral ...
Nevirapine versus ritonavir-boosted lopinavir for HIV-infected children
(Massachusetts Medical Society, 2012)
BACKGROUND: Nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy is the predominant (and often the only) regimen available for children in resource-limited settings. Nevirapine resistance after exposure to the drug for prevention of ...
Early severe HIV disease precedes early antiretroviral therapy in infants : are we too late?
(International AIDS Society, 2014-06)
Objective: To describe the degree of HIV disease progression in infants initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) by three months of
age in a programmatic setting in South Africa.
Design: This was a programmatic cohort ...
Five year neurodevelopment outcomes of perinatally HIV-infected children on early limited or deferred continuous antiretroviral therapy
(Wiley Open Access, 2018)
Introduction: Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved neurodevelopmental outcomes of HIV-infected (HIV-positive)
children; however, little is known about the longer term outcomes in infants commencing early ART ...
Thymic output and CD4 T-cell reconstitution in HIV-infected children on early and interrupted antiretroviral treatment : evidence from the children with HIV early antiretroviral therapy trial
(Frontiers, 2017-09)
Objectives: Early treatment of HIV-infected children and adults is important for optimal immune reconstitution. Infants’ immune systems are more plastic and dynamic than older children’s or adults’, and deserve particular ...