Browsing Research Articles (Paediatrics and Child Health) by Title
Now showing items 1-20 of 360
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Abacavir Exposure in Children Cotreated for Tuberculosis with Rifampin and Superboosted Lopinavir-Ritonavir
(2020-05)ABSTRACT In children requiring lopinavir coformulated with ritonavir in a 4:1 ratio (lopinavir-ritonavir-4:1) and rifampin, adding ritonavir to achieve a 4:4 ratio with lopi-navir (LPV/r-4:4) overcomes the drug-drug ... -
Acquired neonatal bronchial stenosis after selective intubation : successful managed with balloon dilatation
(Wiley Open Access, 2019)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Premature babies are prone to airway‐related complications. Selective intubation for the management of pulmonary interstitial emphysema may cause acquired bronchial stenosis. Balloon dilatation under ... -
Adherence to isoniazid preventive chemotherapy: a prospective community based study
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2006-09)Background: Current international guidelines recommend 6–9 months of isoniazid (INH) preventive chemotherapy to prevent the development of active tuberculosis in children exposed to a susceptible strain of M tuberculosis. ... -
Adolescent tuberculosis
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 1996-3)INTRODUCTION: One of the most intriguing features of the epidemiology of tuberculosis is the well-known variation in the age incidence of disease and the variation in the nature of the disease with age. During infancy and ... -
Adrenal rest tumours in congenital adrenal hyperplasia
(Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa (JEMDSA), 2008-07)Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency is rare, occurring approximately once in every 15 000 live births.1 At birth it is often suspected in girls because of ambiguous genitalia, ... -
Age-disparity, sexual connectedness and HIV infection in disadvantaged communities around Cape Town, South Africa: A study protocol
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2011)Abstract: Background Crucial connections between sexual network structure and the distribution of HIV remain inadequately understood, especially in regard to the role of concurrency and age disparity in relationships, and ... -
Aggressive desmoid fibromatosis : first case in a Rwandan child
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2013-08-30)Desmoid tumours are a rare group of locally aggressive, non-malignant tumours of fibroblastic origin that can result in significant morbidity due to local invasion. Facial involvement in children with aggressive fibromatosis ... -
Aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss in HIV-positive and HIV-negtive multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients
(Health and Medical Publishing Group (HMPG), 2012-06)Background. Ototoxicity following aminoglycoside treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), is a significant problem. This study documents the incidence of ototoxicity in HIVpositive and HIV-negative ... -
Annual risk of tuberculous infection using different methods in communities with a high prevalence of TB and HIV in Zambia and South Africa
(Public Library of Science (PLOS), 2009-11)Background: The annual risk of tuberculous infection (ARTI) is a key epidemiological indicator of the extent of transmission in a community. Several methods have been suggested to estimate the prevalence of tuberculous ... -
Another phenocopy for chondrodysplasia punctata in addition to warfarin embryopathy?
(HMPG, 1978)[No abstract available] -
Anti-Group B Streptococcus antibody in infants born to mothers with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
(Elsevier, 2015-01-29)Background: HIV-exposed uninfected infants have increased infection risk and mortality compared to HIV-unexposed infants. HIV-exposed infants may be at increased risk of invasive GBS disease due to reduced maternal antibody ... -
Antiretroviral therapy for the management of HIV in children
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2014-12)Since 2004, when antiretroviral therapy (ART) was first available to children through the National Department of Health, there has been significant progress in preventing and treating paediatric HIV. Large cohort studies ... -
Antiretroviral therapy in children - increased benefit from increased complexity
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2000-10)Antiretroviral therapy (ART) started as monotherapy with significant short-term gains. With the advent of newer drugs management has become more complex, but with significant gains in quality and quantity of life. The ... -
Approach to headaches in children
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2011)Headache is a common problem in childhood – up to 25% of schoolchildren suffer from chronic, recurrent headaches. Although primary headaches are far more common than those with a secondary cause, it is the latter that ... -
Assessing the impact of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children : an exploratory qualitative study
(BioMed Central, 2014-08)Background: While the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) is high among children in the Western Cape of South Africa, the psychosocial implications of treatment for children with MDR-TB remain ... -
Assessment of the delayed repair of uncomplicated inguinal hernias in infants
(Medpharm, 2020-03)BACKGROUND: Potential strangulation of infant inguinal hernias is the main indication for their urgent repair. Lack of theatre time delays repair and prolongs hospitalisation. We report a series of patients with uncomplicated ... -
The association between preterm labour, perinatal mortality and infant death (during the first year) in Bishop Lavis, Cape Town, South Africa
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2019)Background. We present further analyses from the Safe Passage Study, where the effect of alcohol exposure during pregnancy on sudden infant death syndrome and stillbirth was investigated. Objectives. To describe pregnancy ... -
The association between the ratio of monocytes : lymphocytes at age 3 months and risk of tuberculosis (TB) in the first two years of life
(BioMed Central, 2014-07-17)Background: Recent transcriptomic studies revived a hypothesis suggested by historical studies in rabbits that the ratio of peripheral blood monocytes to lymphocytes (ML) is associated with risk of tuberculosis (TB) ... -
The association of hyperglycaemia with prevalent tuberculosis : a population-based cross-sectional study
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: Systematic reviews suggest that the incidence of diagnosed tuberculosis is two- to- three times higher in those with diabetes mellitus than in those without. Few studies have previously reported the ... -
Asthma treatment in children : a guide to screening for and management of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression
(Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2019)ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A recently published approach to paediatric asthma management neither recommended screening for nor suggested any management of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression in asthmatic children treated ...
