The effects of different housing and basic services on disease

Date
2018-04
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University
Abstract
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The prevalence and increase of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases, are a major threat to human health and development globally. In 2016, 456612 citizens have died due to different types of causes of deaths and deaths due to NCDs in South Africa are very high for adults from the ages of 45 and above 90 years while deaths due to communicable diseases are high (77,1%) for neonates between the ages 0-1 year. It was reported that deaths due to NCDs peaked from ages 45-49 years at 44.5% to 84.2% for people between the ages 80-84 years and dropped to 80.6% for adults aged 90 years and above. The environment plays a critical role in the development of communicable diseases. General sanitation, temperature, air pollution and water quality are among the factors that influence all stages in the chain of infection. The purpose of the study is to analyse the effects of housing and basic services on communicable and non-communicable diseases. This study will then identify risk factors such as the environment, which means the materials used to build the house and other basic services, such as sanitation, which have an effect on the spread of communicable and non-communicable diseases. Secondary data from the Living Conditions Survey 2014-2015, that was conducted by Statistics South Africa (Stats SA), will be used for analysis. Research subjects will be respondents in all nine provinces of South Africa in 2014/15 who were sampled and agreed to participate in the survey. This includes all respondents who are suffering from chronic illnesses and children below the age of 5 years who have suffered from communicable diseases. The significant difference between the expected and observed frequencies in one or more categories will be determined by using chi-square. A positive significant relationship was observed between fever and refuse collection were the chi-square 50.300 and the p-value is 0.000. Findings of logistic regression indicate that there is positive significant relationship with substandard housing material as compared with the standard housing material.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die voorkoms van en toename in nie-oordraagbare siektes (VDS’e), insluitende kardiovaskulêre siektes, diabetes, kanker en chroniese respiratoriese siektes is 'n groot bedreiging vir menslike gesondheid en ontwikkeling wêreldwyd. Gedurende 2016 is 456 612 mense dood. VDS verwante sterftes in Suid-Afrika was baie hoog vir volwassenese vanaf die ouderdom van 45 sowel as vir mense bo 90 jaar. Gedurende dieselfde tydperk was sterftes as gevolg van oordraagbare siektes hoog (77.1%) onder pas geborenes tussen die ouderomme van 0 en 1 jaar. Daar is gerapporteer dat sterftes as gevolg van VDS’e vir mense tussen 45 en 49 jaar ‘n piek bereik by 44.5%, en dit styg tot 84.2% vir mense tussen die ouderdomme 80-84 jaar,en daal tot 80,6% onder volwassenes 90 jaar en ouer . Die omgewing speel 'n kritieke rol in die voorkoms van oordraagbare siektes. Algemene sanitasie, temperatuur, lugbesoedeling en watergehalte is sommige van die faktore wat alle stadiums in die infeksieketting beïnvloed.Die doel van die studie is om die effek van behuisings-en basiese dienste op oordraagbare en nie-oordraagbare siektes te analiseer. Die studie sal dan risikofaktore identifiseer byvoorbeeld omgewings faktore soos die gebruik van materiale om huise te bou of basiese dienste soos sanitasie wat ‘n uitwerking kan hê opverspeiding van oordraagbare en nie-oordraagbare siektes. Sekondêre data van die Living Condition Survey2014-2015, wat deur Statistieke Suid-Afrika uitgevoer is, sal vir analise gebruik word. Die proefpersone vir hierdie navorsing is respondente van al die nege provinsies van Suid-Afrika wat in 2014/15 vir die steekproef gekies is en wat ingestem het om aan die opname deel te neem. Dit het ingesluit alle respondente wat aan chroniese siektes ly en kinders onder die ouderdom van 5 jaar wat aan oordraagbare siektes ly. Die betekenisvolle verskil tussen die verwagte en waargenome frekwensies in een of meer kategorieë sal bepaal word deur die gebruik van chi-kwadraat. ‘n Positiewe verhouding is waargeneem tussen koors en vullisversameling, waar die chi-kwadraant 50.300ͣ was en die p-waarde is 0.000. Bevindinge van logistieke regressie dui daarop dat daar 'n beduidende positiewe verwantskap bestaan vir substandaard behuisingsmateriaal in vergelyking met standaard behuisingsmateriaal.
Description
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2019.
Keywords
NCDs (Noncommunicable diseases), Noncommunicable diseases, Non-infectious diseases, Diseases, Chronic, Chronic diseases, Housing, Affordable housing, Housing -- Public health -- Social aspects, Housing -- Public health -- Economic aspects, Social determinants of health, Environmental health -- Environmental aspects, Occupational therapy, Health status indicators, Disease management -- Housing, Chi-square test, Logistic regression analysis, UCTD
Citation